{"entity":{"id":"rtog-91-11","kind":"trial","name":"RTOG 91-11","aka":[],"tldr":"RTOG 91-11 established concurrent cisplatin with radiotherapy as the way to keep the voice box in advanced larynx cancer: more patients kept their larynx than with induction chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone, with no loss of survival.","summary":"RTOG 91-11 randomised 547 patients with stage III or IV larynx cancer to induction cisplatin-fluorouracil followed by radiotherapy, concurrent cisplatin with radiotherapy, or radiotherapy alone. At two years the larynx was preserved in 88 percent with concurrent chemoradiation, 75 percent with induction and 70 percent with radiotherapy alone; locoregional control was best with concurrent treatment and overall survival did not differ (Forastiere and colleagues, New England Journal of Medicine 2003). Long-term follow-up showed more non-cancer deaths after concurrent treatment, a caution about late toxicity.","status":"positive","asOf":"2026-09-17","links":[{"label":"NEJM 2003","url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa031317"}],"tags":["radiation-wave4"],"related":[],"cancers":["head-and-neck"],"sections":[],"technologies":["imrt-igrt","radiosensitisers"],"targets":[],"drugs":["cisplatin","fluorouracil"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["chemoradiation"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"notes":[],"phase":"3","setting":"Advanced larynx cancer suitable for larynx preservation: concurrent cisplatin chemoradiation versus induction chemotherapy then radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone","sponsor":"Radiation Therapy Oncology Group","result":"Larynx preservation at 2 years 88% (concurrent) vs 75% (induction) vs 70% (radiotherapy alone).","yearReported":2003,"enrolled":547,"outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Laryngectomy-free survival driver: larynx preservation at 2 years","primary":true,"unit":"%","arms":[{"name":"Concurrent cisplatin chemoradiation","n":172,"value":88},{"name":"Induction chemotherapy then radiotherapy","n":173,"value":75},{"name":"Radiotherapy alone","n":173,"value":70}]}]},"route":"/trials/rtog-91-11/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"head-and-neck","kind":"cancer","name":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/head-and-neck/"},{"id":"laryngeal-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer","route":"/cancers/laryngeal-cancer/"}],"technology":[{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"},{"id":"radiosensitisers","kind":"technology","name":"Radiosensitisers","route":"/technologies/radiosensitisers/"}],"drug":[{"id":"cisplatin","kind":"drug","name":"Cisplatin","route":"/drugs/cisplatin/"},{"id":"fluorouracil","kind":"drug","name":"Fluorouracil (5-FU)","route":"/drugs/fluorouracil/"}],"term":[{"id":"chemoradiation","kind":"term","name":"Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT)","route":"/terms/chemoradiation/"}]}}