{"entity":{"id":"rtog-9402","kind":"trial","name":"RTOG 9402","aka":[],"tldr":"RTOG 9402 looked negative at first and then, with long follow-up, showed that adding PCV chemotherapy to radiotherapy doubles survival in oligodendrogliomas with 1p/19q co-deletion, from about seven to fourteen years.","summary":"RTOG 9402 randomised 291 patients with anaplastic oligodendroglial tumours to four cycles of intensive procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine (PCV) followed by radiotherapy, or radiotherapy alone. Overall survival in the whole group did not differ at first, but in the 1p/19q co-deleted subgroup median survival was 14.7 years with PCV plus radiotherapy versus 7.3 years with radiotherapy alone (Cairncross and colleagues, Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013), a result mirrored by EORTC 26951. Chemoradiation with PCV became standard for co-deleted tumours, and the molecular marker entered the WHO classification.","status":"positive","asOf":"2026-09-17","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00002569","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00002569"},{"label":"JCO 2013","url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2012.43.2674"}],"tags":["radiation-wave4"],"related":[],"cancers":["glioblastoma","brain-tumours"],"sections":[],"technologies":["imrt-igrt"],"targets":[],"drugs":["lomustine","vincristine","procarbazine"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["chemoradiation"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"notes":[],"nct":"NCT00002569","phase":"3","setting":"Anaplastic oligodendroglioma and oligoastrocytoma: PCV chemotherapy before radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone","sponsor":"Radiation Therapy Oncology Group","result":"1p/19q co-deleted: median overall survival 14.7 vs 7.3 years.","yearReported":2013,"enrolled":291,"outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Median overall survival, 1p/19q co-deleted","primary":true,"unit":"years","arms":[{"name":"PCV then radiotherapy","n":59,"value":14.7},{"name":"Radiotherapy alone","n":67,"value":7.3}]}]},"route":"/trials/rtog-9402/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"brain-tumours","kind":"cancer","name":"Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types)","route":"/cancers/brain-tumours/"},{"id":"glioblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Glioma & glioblastoma","route":"/cancers/glioblastoma/"}],"technology":[{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"}],"drug":[{"id":"lomustine","kind":"drug","name":"Lomustine (CCNU)","route":"/drugs/lomustine/"},{"id":"procarbazine","kind":"drug","name":"Procarbazine","route":"/drugs/procarbazine/"},{"id":"vincristine","kind":"drug","name":"Vincristine","route":"/drugs/vincristine/"}],"term":[{"id":"chemoradiation","kind":"term","name":"Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT)","route":"/terms/chemoradiation/"}]}}