{"entity":{"id":"sargramostim","kind":"drug","name":"Sargramostim","aka":["rhu GM-CSF"],"tldr":"Sargramostim is a lab-made version of GM-CSF, the signal that tells bone marrow to make white cells; approved in 1991, it shortens the dangerous low-count period after leukaemia chemotherapy and stem cell transplants.","summary":"Sargramostim, recombinant human GM-CSF made in yeast, was approved by the FDA in March 1991 for myeloid reconstitution after autologous bone marrow transplantation in lymphoma and leukaemia. Its label grew to include neutrophil recovery after induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia in older adults, stem cell mobilisation, allogeneic transplant and graft failure, and in 2018 the haematopoietic syndrome of acute radiation syndrome. Unlike G-CSF it also stimulates monocytes and dendritic cells, which is why GM-CSF is built into talimogene laherparepvec and several cancer vaccines. Fever, bone pain and fluid retention are the usual side effects.","status":"established","asOf":"2026-09-08","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargramostim","links":[{"label":"Drugs@FDA BLA103362","url":"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=103362"},{"label":"Label (DailyMed)","url":"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=sargramostim"},{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargramostim"}],"tags":["gap-fill","chembl-universe"],"related":[],"cancers":["aml","dlbcl"],"sections":[],"technologies":["cytokine-therapy"],"targets":["csf2ra"],"drugs":["filgrastim"],"companies":["partner-therapeutics"],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"notes":[],"brand":"Leukine","modality":"Recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, injection","mechanism":"Activates the GM-CSF receptor on myeloid progenitors, speeding recovery of neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells after chemotherapy or transplant.","approvals":[{"region":"US","year":1991,"indication":"Myeloid reconstitution after autologous bone marrow transplant; later AML post-induction, stem cell mobilisation, allogeneic transplant, graft failure and acute radiation syndrome"}],"mechanismSteps":[],"toxicity":[],"access":[],"regulatoryEvents":[]},"route":"/drugs/sargramostim/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"aml","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","route":"/cancers/aml/"},{"id":"dlbcl","kind":"cancer","name":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/dlbcl/"}],"technology":[{"id":"cytokine-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytokines & engineered cytokines","route":"/technologies/cytokine-therapy/"}],"target":[{"id":"csf2ra","kind":"target","name":"GM-CSF receptor (CSF2RA)","route":"/targets/csf2ra/"}],"drug":[{"id":"filgrastim","kind":"drug","name":"Filgrastim (G-CSF)","route":"/drugs/filgrastim/"}],"company":[{"id":"partner-therapeutics","kind":"company","name":"Partner Therapeutics","route":"/companies/partner-therapeutics/"}]}}