{"entity":{"id":"scalop","kind":"trial","name":"SCALOP","aka":["SCALOP-1","Selective Chemoradiation in Advanced Localised Pancreatic cancer"],"tldr":"SCALOP is the UK trial that decided which chemotherapy to give with radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer that cannot be removed: after three months of induction chemotherapy, capecitabine during radiotherapy gave longer survival and far less blood toxicity than gemcitabine, and it is the radiosensitiser NICE recommends.","summary":"SCALOP registered 114 patients between December 2009 and October 2011 and randomised 74 (36 to capecitabine-based and 38 to gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy) after induction gemcitabine and capecitabine. Nine-month progression-free survival was 62.9 percent (80 percent confidence interval 50.6 to 73.9) with capecitabine against 51.4 percent (39.4 to 63.4) with gemcitabine; median overall survival 15.2 against 13.4 months (adjusted hazard ratio 0.39, 95 percent confidence interval 0.18 to 0.81; p 0.012) and 12-month survival 79.2 against 64.2 percent. Grade 3 to 4 haematological toxicity during chemoradiotherapy occurred in 18 percent of the gemcitabine arm and none of the capecitabine arm (p 0.008). The long-term analysis (BJC 2017; 105 of 114 patients dead) gave median survival 17.6 against 14.6 months (adjusted hazard ratio 0.68; p 0.185) and identified a CA 19-9 below 46 IU/mL after induction as the marker of patients most likely to benefit from chemoradiotherapy. NICE NG85 recommends capecitabine as the radiosensitiser when chemoradiotherapy is used (1.9.3). SCALOP-2 (159 patients, Oxford) tested higher-dose radiotherapy and nelfinavir after nab-paclitaxel-based induction and had not published its primary results in an indexed journal on 24 September 2026.","status":"positive","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01032057","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01032057"},{"label":"Mukherjee et al., SCALOP (Lancet Oncology 2013)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70021-4"},{"label":"Hurt et al., SCALOP long-term results (British Journal of Cancer 2017)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2017.95"},{"label":"ISRCTN96169987: SCALOP","url":"https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN96169987"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["pancreatic","locally-advanced-pdac"],"sections":[],"technologies":["chemoradiation","imrt-igrt","cytotoxic-chemotherapy"],"targets":[],"drugs":["capecitabine","gemcitabine"],"companies":[],"institutions":["cruk"],"pathways":[],"terms":["chemoradiation","ca19-9"],"trials":[],"people":["david-cunningham"],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["UK sites (registry, 26): Queen Elizabeth Birmingham, Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Addenbrooke's Cambridge, Queen Alexandra Cosham, Castle Hill Cottingham, Royal Surrey Guildford, St James's Leeds, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Royal Free and Hammersmith London and others. ISRCTN96169987."],"nct":"NCT01032057","phase":"2","setting":"Locally advanced pancreatic cancer of 7 cm or less at 28 UK centres: 12 weeks of gemcitabine plus capecitabine induction, then randomisation of non-progressing patients to one more cycle followed by gemcitabine-based or capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions), with nine-month progression-free survival as the primary endpoint","sponsor":"Cardiff University (Wales Cancer Trials Unit) with Cancer Research UK","result":"Nine-month progression-free survival 62.9 percent with capecitabine-based against 51.4 percent with gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy; median overall survival 15.2 against 13.4 months (adjusted hazard ratio 0.39; p 0.012); grade 3 to 4 haematological toxicity 0 against 18 percent.","yearReported":2013,"enrolled":114,"enrolledBasis":"registry","outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Progression-free survival at 9 months","primary":true,"unit":"%","arms":[{"name":"Capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy","n":35,"value":62.9,"note":"80% CI 50.6 to 73.9; 35 assessable"},{"name":"Gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy","n":35,"value":51.4,"note":"80% CI 39.4 to 63.4"}],"source":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70021-4"},{"endpoint":"Overall survival (primary report)","unit":"months","arms":[{"name":"Capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy","n":36,"value":15.2},{"name":"Gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy","n":38,"value":13.4}],"hr":0.39,"ci":[0.18,0.81],"p":"0.012","source":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70021-4"}]},"route":"/trials/scalop/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"locally-advanced-pdac","kind":"cancer","name":"Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/locally-advanced-pdac/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"term":[{"id":"ca19-9","kind":"term","name":"CA 19-9","route":"/terms/ca19-9/"},{"id":"chemoradiation","kind":"term","name":"Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT)","route":"/terms/chemoradiation/"}],"technology":[{"id":"cytotoxic-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytotoxic chemotherapy","route":"/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/"},{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"}],"drug":[{"id":"capecitabine","kind":"drug","name":"Capecitabine","route":"/drugs/capecitabine/"},{"id":"gemcitabine","kind":"drug","name":"Gemcitabine","route":"/drugs/gemcitabine/"}],"institution":[{"id":"cruk","kind":"institution","name":"Cancer Research UK","route":"/institutions/cruk/"}],"person":[{"id":"david-cunningham","kind":"person","name":"David Cunningham","route":"/people/david-cunningham/"}],"trial":[{"id":"lap07","kind":"trial","name":"LAP07","route":"/trials/lap07/"},{"id":"scalop-2","kind":"trial","name":"SCALOP-2","route":"/trials/scalop-2/"}]}}