{"entity":{"id":"tgm3","kind":"target","name":"TGM3","aka":["transglutaminase 3","Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E"],"tldr":"TGM3 (Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E) is an enzyme. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Skin cancer and Basal cell carcinoma.","summary":"Catalyses the calcium-dependent formation of isopeptide cross-links between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins, as well as the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. Involved in the formation of the cornified envelope (CE), a specialised component consisting of covalent cross-links of proteins beneath the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. Catalyses small proline-rich proteins (SPRR1 and SPRR2) and LOR cross-linking to form small interchain oligomers, which are further cross-linked by TGM1 onto the growing CE scaffold.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.57 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.91, animal model 0.70, genetic association 0.70).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:11779","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11779"},{"label":"UniProt Q08188","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q08188/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 7053","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7053"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000125780","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000125780"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets"],"cancers":["skin-cancer","basal-cell-carcinoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier \"association-only\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"TGM3","role":[],"evidenceTier":"association-only","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:11779","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11779","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt Q08188","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q08188/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000125780","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000125780/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.57; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: skin cancer 0.54, basal cell carcinoma 0.53 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:11779","ensembl":"ENSG00000125780","uniprot":"Q08188","entrez":"7053","biology":"Catalyses the calcium-dependent formation of isopeptide cross-links between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins, as well as the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. Involved in the formation of the cornified envelope (CE), a specialised component consisting of covalent cross-links of proteins beneath the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. Catalyses small proline-rich proteins (SPRR1 and SPRR2) and LOR cross-linking to form small interchain oligomers, which are further cross-linked by TGM1 onto the growing CE scaffold. In hair follicles, involved in cross-linking structural proteins to hardening the inner root sheath. Location: Cytoplasm (UniProt). Locus 20p13 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.54 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)","Basal cell carcinoma: Open Targets association 0.53 with basal cell carcinoma (MONDO_0020804)"],"targetClass":"enzyme","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/tgm3/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"basal-cell-carcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Basal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/basal-cell-carcinoma/"},{"id":"skin-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Skin cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/skin-cancer/"}]}}