{"entity":{"id":"trrap","kind":"target","name":"TRRAP","aka":["transformation/transcription domain associated protein","Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein","TR-AP","PAF400","Tra1"],"tldr":"TRRAP (Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver and a tumour suppressor, and it is called a cancer driver by mutation analysis of patient cohorts. Tied to Bladder & urothelial cancer, Renal cell carcinoma, Lung cancer and 5 more.","summary":"Adapter protein, which is found in various multiprotein chromatin complexes with histone acetyltransferase activity (HAT), which gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is responsible for acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. Plays a central role in MYC transcription activation, and also participates in cell transformation by MYC.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.74 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.69, animal model 0.31, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.89). IntOGen calls it a driver in 14 cohorts (11 activating, 2 loss-of-function), covering Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Angiosarcoma, Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and others.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:12347","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:12347"},{"label":"UniProt Q9Y4A5","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9Y4A5/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 8295","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8295"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000196367","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000196367"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["urothelial","rcc","lung-cancer","skin-cancer","salivary-gland","head-and-neck","sarcoma","colorectal"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 11 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 2 cohorts. Evidence tier \"cohort-driver\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"TRRAP","role":["oncogene-driver","tumour-suppressor"],"evidenceTier":"cohort-driver","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:12347","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:12347","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt Q9Y4A5","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9Y4A5/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000196367","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000196367/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.74; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.54, gastric cancer 0.52, urinary bladder cancer 0.55, ovarian cancer 0.51, melanoma 0.63, skin cancer 0.57 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen TRRAP","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=TRRAP","note":"driver in 14 cohorts (Act 11, LoF 2); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:12347","ensembl":"ENSG00000196367","uniprot":"Q9Y4A5","entrez":"8295","biology":"Adapter protein, which is found in various multiprotein chromatin complexes with histone acetyltransferase activity (HAT), which gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is responsible for acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. Plays a central role in MYC transcription activation, and also participates in cell transformation by MYC. Required for p53/TP53-, E2F1- and E2F4-mediated transcription activation. Also involved in transcription activation mediated by the adenovirus E1A, a viral oncoprotein that deregulates transcription of key genes. Probably acts by linking transcription factors such as E1A, MYC or E2F1 to HAT complexes such as STAGA thereby allowing transcription activation. Location: Nucleus (UniProt). Locus 7q22.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Bladder & urothelial cancer: Open Targets association 0.55 with urinary bladder cancer (MONDO_0001187); IntOGen driver in 4 cohorts (BLCA)","Renal cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (CCRCC)","Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.57 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)","Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.57 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)","Salivary gland cancers: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (ACYC)","Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (HNSC)"],"targetClass":"transcription","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/trrap/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"urothelial","kind":"cancer","name":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","route":"/cancers/urothelial/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"head-and-neck","kind":"cancer","name":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/head-and-neck/"},{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"rcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Renal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/rcc/"},{"id":"salivary-gland","kind":"cancer","name":"Salivary gland cancers","route":"/cancers/salivary-gland/"},{"id":"sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)","route":"/cancers/sarcoma/"},{"id":"skin-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Skin cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/skin-cancer/"}]}}