# OnCo record b-tumor-heterogeneity (bottleneck). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)". Whole corpus: https://onco.cc/api/v1/onco.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix onco: <https://onco.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-tumor-heterogeneity/>
  a schema:Thing ;
  onco:kind "bottleneck" ;
  schema:identifier "b-tumor-heterogeneity" ;
  schema:name "Tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution"@en ;
  schema:description "Every tumour is a population of genetically distinct clones: in multi-region sequencing of kidney tumours, roughly two thirds of mutations were missing from at least one region. Treatment kills the dominant clones and leaves resistant minor clones to grow back, yet a single diagnostic biopsy is still treated as the whole disease."@en ;
  schema:url <https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-tumor-heterogeneity/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-08"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:citation <https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1113205>, <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05783-5>, <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.018> ;
  onco:related <https://onco.cc/collections/genie/>, <https://onco.cc/collections/cbioportal/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-ctdna-switch-generalised/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-multiregion-blocks-default/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-rapid-autopsy-network/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-truncal-branch-labelling/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-outlier-lesion-biopsy/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-barcoded-avatars-clonal-fitness/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-evolvability-index/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-adaptive-therapy-platform/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-ctdna-adaptive-tki/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-first-strike-second-strike/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-collateral-sensitivity-atlas/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-evolutionary-double-bind/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-spatial-clone-immune-map/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-methylation-clone-tracking/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-evolution-forecasting/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-baseline-ultradeep-resistant-clones/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-cfrna-plasticity-tracking/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-evolutionary-tumour-boards/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-apobec-inhibitor-adjunct/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-cin-vulnerability-kif18a/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-federated-evolution-atlas/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-clone-to-lesion-mapping/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-rebiopsy-before-switch/>, <https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-open-cancer-cell-state-model/> ;
  onco:cancers <https://onco.cc/cancers/rcc/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/nsclc/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/glioblastoma/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/pancreatic/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/> ;
  onco:technologies <https://onco.cc/technologies/single-cell-spatial/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/liquid-biopsy/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/cgp/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/wes-wgs/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/mrd-testing/> ;
  onco:companies <https://onco.cc/companies/10x-genomics/>, <https://onco.cc/companies/guardant-health/>, <https://onco.cc/companies/natera/> ;
  onco:institutions <https://onco.cc/institutions/francis-crick/>, <https://onco.cc/institutions/cruk/>, <https://onco.cc/institutions/moffitt/> ;
  onco:terms <https://onco.cc/terms/resistance/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/ctdna/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/vaf/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/mutational-signature/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/oligoprogression/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/esr1-mutation/> ;
  onco:trials <https://onco.cc/trials/serena-6/>, <https://onco.cc/trials/circulate-japan/> ;
  onco:keyPapers <https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mcgranahan-cell/> .