# OnCo record group-sequential-design (term). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)". Whole corpus: https://onco.cc/api/v1/onco.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix onco: <https://onco.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://onco.cc/terms/group-sequential-design/>
  a schema:DefinedTerm ;
  onco:kind "term" ;
  schema:identifier "group-sequential-design" ;
  schema:name "Group sequential design, stopping rules and alpha spending"@en ;
  schema:alternateName "group sequential"@en, "group sequential design"@en, "group-sequential design"@en, "group sequential trial"@en, "stopping rule"@en, "stopping rules"@en, "stopping boundary"@en, "stopping boundaries"@en, "efficacy boundary"@en, "efficacy stopping boundary"@en, "crossed the efficacy boundary"@en, "pre-specified efficacy boundary"@en, "O'Brien-Fleming"@en, "O'Brien-Fleming boundary"@en, "Lan-DeMets"@en, "alpha spending function"@en, "alpha-spending function"@en, "alpha spending"@en, "alpha spent"@en, "alpha allocated"@en, "nominal significance level"@en, "one-sided alpha"@en, "stopped early for efficacy"@en, "stopped early for benefit"@en, "early stopping for benefit"@en, "unblinded early"@en, "overrunning"@en, "truncated trial"@en, "truncated trials"@en, "overestimation from early stopping"@en ;
  schema:description "A group sequential trial plans in advance how many times it will peek at the data and how strong the evidence must be at each peek to stop early, so that looking several times does not inflate the chance of a false positive."@en ;
  schema:url <https://onco.cc/terms/group-sequential-design/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-17"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:sameAs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_analysis> ;
  schema:citation <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_analysis>, <https://www.ich.org/page/efficacy-guidelines>, <https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/adaptive-design-clinical-trials-drugs-and-biologics-guidance-industry> ;
  onco:related <https://onco.cc/terms/interim-analysis/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/futility/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/statistical-significance/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/data-monitoring-committee/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/p-value/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/sample-size-re-estimation/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/primary-endpoint/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/seamless-adaptive/> ;
  onco:sections <https://onco.cc/fronts/drug-discovery/> ;
  onco:trials <https://onco.cc/trials/adaura/>, <https://onco.cc/trials/javelin-hn-100/>, <https://onco.cc/trials/trilynx/>, <https://onco.cc/trials/magnitude/>, <https://onco.cc/trials/tropion-breast01/> .