# OnCo record hallmarks-synthesis (term). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)". Whole corpus: https://onco.cc/api/v1/onco.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix onco: <https://onco.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://onco.cc/terms/hallmarks-synthesis/>
  a schema:DefinedTerm ;
  onco:kind "term" ;
  schema:identifier "hallmarks-synthesis" ;
  schema:name "Hallmarks of cancer as a synthesis of the theories"@en ;
  schema:alternateName "hallmarks framework"@en, "hallmarks as synthesis"@en, "Hanahan and Weinberg framework"@en ;
  schema:description "Rather than asking what starts cancer, Hanahan and Weinberg asked what every cancer ends up able to do: keep growing, ignore stop signals, avoid death, live forever, grow vessels, invade, rewire metabolism and hide from the immune system. Each update has absorbed a rival theory into the list, so the hallmarks read as the field's working synthesis rather than a theory of cause."@en ;
  schema:url <https://onco.cc/terms/hallmarks-synthesis/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-17"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:sameAs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hallmarks_of_Cancer> ;
  schema:citation <https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81683-9>, <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013>, <https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1059>, <https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc2827> ;
  onco:tag "theory" ;
  onco:related <https://onco.cc/pathways/theories-of-cancer/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/hallmarks-of-cancer/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/somatic-mutation-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/clonal-evolution-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/microenvironment-inflammation-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/immune-surveillance-immunoediting/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/metabolic-theory-of-cancer/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/epigenetic-progenitor-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/cancer-stem-cell-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/tissue-organisation-field-theory/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/sustaining-proliferative-signaling/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/evading-growth-suppressors/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/resisting-cell-death/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/inducing-angiogenesis/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/activating-invasion-metastasis/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/deregulating-cellular-energetics/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/avoiding-immune-destruction/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/genome-instability-mutation/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/tumor-promoting-inflammation/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/unlocking-phenotypic-plasticity/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/nonmutational-epigenetic-reprogramming/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/polymorphic-microbiomes/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/senescent-cells/> ;
  onco:technologies <https://onco.cc/technologies/cdk46-inhibitor/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/checkpoint-inhibitor/> ;
  onco:drugs <https://onco.cc/drugs/bevacizumab/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/venetoclax/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/palbociclib/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/imetelstat/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/ivosidenib/> ;
  onco:pathways <https://onco.cc/pathways/telomere-maintenance/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/apoptosis-bcl2/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/vegf-angiogenesis/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/pd1-checkpoint/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/cancer-metabolism/> ;
  onco:keyPapers <https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hallmarks-of-cancer-cell-2000/>, <https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hallmarks-new-dimensions-cancer-discov-2022/>, <https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-lazebnik-nat-rev-cancer/> .