# OnCo record oncogene-activation-two-hit (pathway). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)". Whole corpus: https://onco.cc/api/v1/onco.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix onco: <https://onco.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://onco.cc/pathways/oncogene-activation-two-hit/>
  a schema:BioChemEntity ;
  onco:kind "pathway" ;
  schema:identifier "oncogene-activation-two-hit" ;
  schema:name "Drivers, passengers & the two-hit model"@en ;
  schema:description "Of the thousands of mutations in a tumour, only a handful (typically 2-8) actually drive it. Drivers either jam an accelerator on (oncogenes, one hit is enough) or remove a brake (tumour suppressors, both copies must go). Everything else is a passenger along for the ride."@en ;
  schema:url <https://onco.cc/pathways/oncogene-activation-two-hit/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-09"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:sameAs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knudson_hypothesis> ;
  schema:citation <https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1235122>, <https://doi.org/10.1038/386761a0> ;
  onco:tag "mechanism", "mechanics-atlas" ;
  onco:cancers <https://onco.cc/cancers/retinoblastoma/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/colorectal/>, <https://onco.cc/cancers/cml/> ;
  onco:technologies <https://onco.cc/technologies/cgp/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/germline-testing/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/kinase-inhibitors/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/synthetic-lethality-approaches/>, <https://onco.cc/technologies/crispr-screens/> ;
  onco:targets <https://onco.cc/targets/kras/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/braf/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/her2/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/egfr/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/alk/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/tp53/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/brca/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/prmt5-mtap/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/ewsr1-fli1/>, <https://onco.cc/targets/bcr-abl/> ;
  onco:drugs <https://onco.cc/drugs/imatinib/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/osimertinib/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/sotorasib/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/trastuzumab/>, <https://onco.cc/drugs/olaparib/> ;
  onco:pathways <https://onco.cc/pathways/ras-mapk/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/p53-cell-cycle/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/clonal-evolution/>, <https://onco.cc/pathways/mutagenesis-signatures/> ;
  onco:terms <https://onco.cc/terms/oncogene-addiction/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/gene-fusion/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/hereditary-cancer-syndromes/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/germline-vs-somatic/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/synthetic-lethality/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/vus/> ;
  onco:keyPapers <https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kinzler-nature/> .