# OnCo record statistical-significance (term). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)". Whole corpus: https://onco.cc/api/v1/onco.nt
@prefix schema: <https://schema.org/> .
@prefix onco: <https://onco.cc/ns#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://onco.cc/terms/statistical-significance/>
  a schema:DefinedTerm ;
  onco:kind "term" ;
  schema:identifier "statistical-significance" ;
  schema:name "Statistical significance (P values, alpha, multiplicity)"@en ;
  schema:alternateName "statistically significant"@en, "statistical significance"@en, "not statistically significant"@en, "did not reach statistical significance"@en, "P value"@en, "p-value"@en, "P<0.05"@en, "P = 0.05"@en, "one-sided"@en, "two-sided"@en, "alpha spending"@en, "alpha allocation"@en, "type I error"@en, "multiplicity"@en, "multiple comparisons"@en, "hierarchical testing"@en, "gatekeeping"@en, "Bonferroni"@en, "powered"@en, "underpowered"@en, "sample size"@en, "statistical power"@en, "80% power"@en, "90% power"@en, "numerically"@en, "numerical improvement"@en, "trend toward"@en, "trend towards"@en, "clinically meaningful"@en, "clinical significance"@en, "sample sizes"@en ;
  schema:description "A result is 'statistically significant' when it would be unlikely (usually under 5%) to arise by chance if the treatment did nothing. It is a threshold, not a measure of benefit size: a tiny gain can pass it in a huge trial and a large one can miss it in a small trial, so ESMO and ASCO grade benefit separately."@en ;
  schema:url <https://onco.cc/terms/statistical-significance/> ;
  schema:dateModified "2026-09-09"^^xsd:date ;
  schema:sameAs <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance> ;
  schema:citation <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance> ;
  onco:related <https://onco.cc/terms/primary-endpoint/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/prespecified-vs-post-hoc/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/subgroup-analysis/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/non-inferiority/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/hazard-ratio/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/group-sequential-design/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/sample-size-re-estimation/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/bayesian-trial-design/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/trial-failure-modes/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/p-value/>, <https://onco.cc/terms/confidence-interval/> ;
  onco:sections <https://onco.cc/fronts/drug-discovery/> .