{"slug":"mmr","tag":"mmr","variants":["mmr"],"description":"No description yet","count":2,"kinds":{"biomarker":2},"related":[{"slug":"biomarker","tag":"biomarker","shared":2}],"records":[{"id":"dmmr-ihc","kind":"biomarker","name":"dMMR (mismatch repair deficiency by IHC)","route":"/biomarkers/dmmr-ihc/","tldr":"dMMR means one of the four mismatch repair proteins is missing from the tumour cell nuclei on a stain. It is the tissue-level twin of MSI-high and opens checkpoint immunotherapy in endometrial, bowel and many other cancers."},{"id":"msi-high","kind":"biomarker","name":"MSI-high (microsatellite instability by PCR or sequencing)","route":"/biomarkers/msi-high/","tldr":"MSI-high means the tumour's DNA has unstable repeat sequences, the footprint of failed mismatch repair. It is measured by PCR or sequencing, gives the same answer as dMMR in most tumours, and unlocks the same immunotherapies."}]}