{"slug":"no-threshold","tag":"no-threshold","variants":["no-threshold"],"description":"No description yet","count":11,"kinds":{"biomarker":11},"related":[{"slug":"biomarker","tag":"biomarker","shared":11},{"slug":"surface-antigen","tag":"surface-antigen","shared":11}],"records":[{"id":"cd38-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"CD38 expression","route":"/biomarkers/cd38-expression/","tldr":"CD38 is on almost every myeloma cell, so daratumumab and isatuximab are given without testing for it. The stain matters afterwards: CD38 falls after treatment and can confuse flow cytometry and blood typing."},{"id":"bcma-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"BCMA expression","route":"/biomarkers/bcma-expression/","tldr":"BCMA is the plasma-cell antigen behind the myeloma bispecifics and CAR-T cells. None of their labels requires a BCMA test; expression is near-universal, and loss through BCMA gene deletion is a documented escape route."},{"id":"gprc5d-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"GPRC5D expression","route":"/biomarkers/gprc5d-expression/","tldr":"GPRC5D is a receptor on myeloma cells and in hair follicles, nails and taste buds. Talquetamab targets it without any test, and the side effects on skin, nails and taste follow from where it is expressed."},{"id":"fcrh5-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"FcRH5 expression","route":"/biomarkers/fcrh5-expression/","tldr":"FcRH5 is a third myeloma surface target after BCMA and GPRC5D. Cevostamab, the FcRH5 x CD3 bispecific, is in phase 3; no approval or threshold exists yet."},{"id":"trop2-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"TROP2 expression","route":"/biomarkers/trop2-expression/","tldr":"TROP2 is on the surface of most breast and lung cancers. Sacituzumab govitecan and datopotamab deruxtecan are given without measuring it; a computational TROP2 score is being tested as a selector in lung cancer."},{"id":"nectin-4-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"Nectin-4 expression","route":"/biomarkers/nectin-4-expression/","tldr":"Nectin-4 is expressed by almost every urothelial cancer, so enfortumab vedotin is given without a test. Nectin-4 amplification is being studied as a marker of especially strong response."},{"id":"her3-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"HER3 expression","route":"/biomarkers/her3-expression/","tldr":"HER3 is a signalling partner of EGFR and HER2 present on most lung and breast cancers. Patritumab deruxtecan was studied in EGFR-mutant lung cancer without a HER3 threshold, and no approval exists."},{"id":"b7-h3-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"B7-H3 (CD276) expression","route":"/biomarkers/b7-h3-expression/","tldr":"B7-H3 is an immune checkpoint protein overexpressed on small-cell lung, prostate and many solid tumours. Ifinatamab deruxtecan is in phase 3 for small-cell lung cancer without an expression cut-off; nothing is approved."},{"id":"dll3-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"DLL3 expression","route":"/biomarkers/dll3-expression/","tldr":"DLL3 sits on the surface of about 85 percent of small-cell lung cancers and almost no normal adult tissue. Tarlatamab is given without a DLL3 test."},{"id":"tissue-factor-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"Tissue factor expression","route":"/biomarkers/tissue-factor-expression/","tldr":"Tissue factor, the clotting trigger, is overexpressed on cervical and several other cancers. Tisotumab vedotin is labelled for cervical cancer without a tissue factor test."},{"id":"ceacam5-expression","kind":"biomarker","name":"CEACAM5 expression","route":"/biomarkers/ceacam5-expression/","tldr":"CEACAM5 is the cell-surface form of the tumour marker CEA, high on many lung and bowel cancers. Tusamitamab ravtansine was tested in CEACAM5-high lung cancer but failed its phase 3 and no approval exists."}]}