{"slug":"pathology","tag":"pathology","variants":["pathology"],"description":"People, technologies and companies concerned with pathology and its digitisation.","count":19,"kinds":{"section":1,"person":5,"technology":12,"company":1},"related":[{"slug":"foundation-model","tag":"foundation-model","shared":13},{"slug":"ai","tag":"ai","shared":3},{"slug":"breast-cancer","tag":"breast cancer","shared":2},{"slug":"clinician-scientist","tag":"clinician-scientist","shared":2},{"slug":"leadership","tag":"leadership","shared":2},{"slug":"biomarkers","tag":"biomarkers","shared":1},{"slug":"digital-pathology","tag":"digital-pathology","shared":1},{"slug":"foundation-models","tag":"foundation-models","shared":1},{"slug":"genomics","tag":"genomics","shared":1},{"slug":"germany","tag":"germany","shared":1},{"slug":"liquid-biopsy","tag":"liquid-biopsy","shared":1}],"records":[{"id":"diagnostics","kind":"section","name":"Diagnostics & Biomarkers","route":"/fronts/diagnostics/","tldr":"Tests on tissue and blood that say what kind of cancer it is, what is driving it, and which drugs might work."},{"id":"anna-sapino","kind":"person","name":"Anna Sapino","route":"/people/anna-sapino/","tldr":"Pathologist and Scientific Director of the Candiolo Cancer Institute (INOC), Piedmont's oncology IRCCS and an OECI-certified Comprehensive Cancer Centre."},{"id":"sunil-lakhani","kind":"person","name":"Sunil Lakhani","route":"/people/sunil-lakhani/","tldr":"Brisbane breast pathologist who chairs the board of Breast Cancer Trials, the Australia and New Zealand breast cancer clinical trials group."},{"id":"faisal-mahmood","kind":"person","name":"Faisal Mahmood","route":"/people/faisal-mahmood/","tldr":"Built UNI and CONCH, the pathology foundation models that let AI read whole-slide images across cancer types."},{"id":"thomas-fuchs","kind":"person","name":"Thomas J. Fuchs","route":"/people/thomas-fuchs/","tldr":"Trained the first clinical-grade AI on tens of thousands of slides, leading to the first FDA-authorised AI pathology product."},{"id":"jakob-nikolas-kather","kind":"person","name":"Jakob Nikolas Kather","route":"/people/jakob-nikolas-kather/","tldr":"Showed that deep learning can read genetic features like microsatellite instability directly from routine pathology slides."},{"id":"virchow","kind":"technology","name":"Virchow / Virchow2 (Paige, MSK)","route":"/technologies/virchow/","status":"emerging","tldr":"A pathology foundation model trained on millions of slides that can detect cancer and predict biomarkers from an ordinary H&E slide."},{"id":"uni-conch","kind":"technology","name":"UNI and CONCH (Harvard, Mahmood Lab)","route":"/technologies/uni-conch/","status":"emerging","tldr":"Two open academic pathology models: UNI reads tissue images, CONCH links images with pathology text."},{"id":"titan","kind":"technology","name":"TITAN (whole-slide multimodal model)","route":"/technologies/titan/","status":"emerging","tldr":"TITAN is a model that summarises a whole slide, not just tiles, and can write a draft pathology report."},{"id":"prov-gigapath","kind":"technology","name":"Prov-GigaPath (Microsoft, Providence)","route":"/technologies/prov-gigapath/","status":"emerging","tldr":"An open pathology model trained on 1.3 billion image tiles from a US health system, modelling whole slides at gigapixel scale."},{"id":"chief","kind":"technology","name":"CHIEF (Harvard, Yu Lab)","route":"/technologies/chief/","status":"emerging","tldr":"A pathology model trained across 19 cancer types that predicts survival and mutations from slides."},{"id":"musk","kind":"technology","name":"MUSK (Stanford, vision-language pathology)","route":"/technologies/musk/","status":"emerging","tldr":"A model that reads slides and clinical text together to predict who will respond to immunotherapy."},{"id":"h-optimus","kind":"technology","name":"H-optimus (Bioptimus)","route":"/technologies/h-optimus/","status":"emerging","tldr":"An open 1.1-billion-parameter pathology model from a French startup, among the strongest on public benchmarks."},{"id":"pluto","kind":"technology","name":"PLUTO (PathAI)","route":"/technologies/pluto/","status":"emerging","tldr":"PLUTO is PathAI's compact pathology foundation model, a vision transformer pretrained at several magnifications on 195 million tiles from 158,000 slides, so one network serves slide-level and biomarker quantification tasks at whatever resolution each needs. It runs inside PathAI's AISight product, but its weights are proprietary, so outside groups cannot benchmark or adapt it."},{"id":"hibou","kind":"technology","name":"Hibou (HistAI)","route":"/technologies/hibou/","status":"emerging","tldr":"Hibou is a family of open pathology foundation models under a permissive licence."},{"id":"kaiko-midnight","kind":"technology","name":"Midnight (kaiko.ai)","route":"/technologies/kaiko-midnight/","status":"emerging","tldr":"Midnight is a pathology model that matched the leaders while training on far fewer slides."},{"id":"atlas-aignostics","kind":"technology","name":"Atlas (Aignostics, Mayo Clinic, Charité)","route":"/technologies/atlas-aignostics/","status":"emerging","tldr":"Atlas is a pathology foundation model trained on 1.2 million slides from two of the world's largest hospitals."},{"id":"phikon","kind":"technology","name":"Phikon / Phikon-v2 (Owkin)","route":"/technologies/phikon/","status":"emerging","tldr":"Owkin's open pathology models trained on TCGA and its federated hospital network."},{"id":"strand-ai","kind":"company","name":"Strand AI","route":"/companies/strand-ai/","tldr":"Strand AI's first model, Lattice, predicts which proteins sit where across a tumour from the ordinary stained slide a hospital already has, so a whole archive can be profiled without spending tissue on extra laboratory staining."}]}