Viral vector manufacturing (lentiviral, retroviral, AAV)
Producing the engineered viruses that carry a CAR gene into T cells. Viral vector manufacturing is a long-standing bottleneck for cell and gene therapy.
Lentiviral vectors for CAR-T are made by transient transfection of HEK293 cells with plasmid DNA, or increasingly by stable producer cell lines; AAV serves in vivo gene therapy. Capacity shortages in 2018-2022 delayed trials; large CDMOs (Lonza, Thermo Fisher, Charles River, Oxford Biomedica) and in-house plants (Kite, Novartis, BMS) have since expanded. Titre, empty-capsid ratio, and cost per dose are the quality and economic levers.
How it works
Packaging and transfer plasmids co-transfected into producer cells; harvested particles are purified by chromatography and tested for titre, potency, and replication competence.
- Mature quality systems
- Stable producer lines lowering cost
- Long lead times and high cost
- Batch variability
- Plasmid supply dependency
Latest papers
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Pages like this
not linked directly; found by shared links- TechnologySterile fill-finish and lyophilisation
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Shares Thermo Fisher Scientific and the tag supporting.