OnCo
termsTerm

Muscle-invasive (MIBC) vs non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) bladder cancer

aka muscle-invasive, muscle invasive, MIBC, non-muscle-invasive, non-muscle invasive, NMIBC, NMIBC risk group, high-risk NMIBC, T1 high-grade, BCG-naive, BCG-exposed

Bladder cancer is split by whether it has grown into the bladder's muscle wall. Non-muscle-invasive tumours (75%) are scraped out and treated with drugs put into the bladder; muscle-invasive tumours (25%) need the bladder removed or intensive chemoradiation.

NMIBC (Ta, T1, carcinoma in situ) is risk-stratified (EAU/AUA groups) to TURBT alone, single-dose intravesical chemotherapy, or induction and maintenance BCG, with 'BCG-unresponsive' disease (a regulatory definition) treated by cystectomy or the newer intravesical and systemic options (pembrolizumab, nadofaragene, TAR-200, cretostimogene). MIBC (T2-T4) requires neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (or durvalumab-chemotherapy, NIAGARA) and radical cystectomy, or trimodality bladder preservation; adjuvant nivolumab or ctDNA-guided atezolizumab (IMvigor011) follows high-risk surgery. Progression from NMIBC to MIBC is the event surveillance aims to prevent.

Category
Treatment jargon

Connected

8top