Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT)
Shaving a bladder tumour away from the inside using a scope passed up the urethra. It is both the diagnosis and, for non-muscle-invasive cancer, the treatment.
TURBT establishes stage (whether the tumour has reached the muscle) and grade, and removes all visible non-muscle-invasive disease. A second resection within 6 weeks is recommended for high-grade T1 tumours because up to 30% are under-staged. It is followed by a single chemotherapy instillation or by induction and maintenance intravesical BCG for intermediate- and high-risk disease; blue-light cystoscopy and en-bloc resection improve completeness. Muscle-invasive disease needs cystectomy or trimodality therapy instead.
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not linked directly; found by shared links- TrialNIAGARA
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