Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (including DIPG)
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/dipg-dmg/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
16 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example H3 K27M by immunohistochemistry or sequencing, Loss of H3K27me3, TP53, ACVR1, PDGFRA, PIK3CA co-alterations, EGFR alteration, Cerebrospinal-fluid cell-free tumour DNA for H3 K27M), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (newly diagnosed), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Dordaviprone, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.How do the results of ACTION apply to someone like me?
- 8.For my situation (progressive after radiotherapy, h3 k27m-mutant), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Dordaviprone, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.For my situation (recurrent, trial-eligible), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 11.For my situation (all stages), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Dordaviprone, ACTION, CAR-T for glioma (IL13Rα2, GD2, EGFRvIII, multi-target), Focused-ultrasound blood-brain barrier opening?
- 13.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 14.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 15.I read that “Most tumours still progress; dordaviprone helps a minority and the phase 3 ACTION trial will show whether earlier use extends survival”. How does that affect my plan?
- 16.I read that “Drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier into infiltrating tumour: convection-enhanced delivery, focused ultrasound and intraventricular cell therapy are being tested”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- H3 K27M (diffuse midline glioma): A single change in a histone protein that defines diffuse midline glioma, the childhood brain tumour with the fewest treatment options, and now the target of the first approved drug for it.
- Blood-brain barrier (BBB): The tight seal around brain blood vessels that keeps most drugs out, one of the two main reasons brain cancer is so hard to treat.
- RACE for Children Act: A US law that makes drug companies test new targeted cancer drugs in children whenever the drug's target matters in a childhood cancer, instead of letting them skip children because their cancers are rare.
- Late effects and survivorship toxicity: Health problems appearing months or decades after treatment ends: heart damage, infertility, second cancers, lymphoedema, dry mouth, memory problems, weak bones.
Tests and results to bring
Newly diagnosed: Stereotactic biopsy for molecular diagnosis and trial eligibility, then focal radiotherapy (about six weeks; hypofractionated schedules are non-inferior); steroids for symptoms. Enrolment in a trial such as ACTION (dordaviprone after radiotherapy) is recommended.
Biomarker results to ask for: H3 K27M by immunohistochemistry or sequencing, Loss of H3K27me3, TP53, ACVR1, PDGFRA, PIK3CA co-alterations, EGFR alteration (bithalamic subtype), Cerebrospinal-fluid cell-free tumour DNA for H3 K27M (in development for monitoring), MRI with diffusion and perfusion for response assessment.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: DNA methylation profiling.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Progressive after radiotherapy, H3 K27M-mutant: Dordaviprone (ONC201), FDA accelerated approval August 2025 for patients aged one year and older with progressive disease; re-irradiation is an alternative or addition. (Dordaviprone)
- Recurrent, trial-eligible: GD2 CAR-T (phase 1, Stanford and others), convection-enhanced delivery, epigenetic and combination trials through consortium networks. (CAR-T for glioma (IL13Rα2, GD2, EGFRvIII, multi-target), GD2 (disialoganglioside), Focused-ultrasound blood-brain barrier opening)
- All stages: Early palliative care, steroid-sparing strategies, and support for the family; tissue donation at autopsy has been central to research progress. (Early integrated palliative care)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.