Multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (with or without risk-organ involvement)
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/lch-multisystem/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
18 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Risk-organ involvement at diagnosis, Response at week six, BRAF V600E in tissue and cell-free DNA, MAP2K1 and other MAPK alterations, Pituitary MRI, water deprivation testing and anterior pituitary hormones), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (diagnosis and staging), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (first line), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.Am I a candidate for Vinblastine, and what side effects should I expect?
- 8.How do the results of LCH-III apply to someone like me?
- 9.For my situation (non-response at week six or risk-organ progression), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Cladribine, Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib + trametinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (reactivation), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Vinblastine, Cladribine, Vemurafenib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.For my situation (long-term follow-up), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 14.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Dabrafenib + trametinib, Vemurafenib, LCH-III, Cobimetinib?
- 15.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 16.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 17.I read that “Targeted therapy controls but does not cure; how to stop it safely is unknown”. How does that affect my plan?
- 18.I read that “Neurodegenerative disease appears years later and has no proven treatment”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Cytopenias and myelosuppression: The umbrella term for low blood counts of any kind (white cells, red cells, platelets) when treatment suppresses the bone marrow.
- BRAF V600E mutation: A single spelling change in the BRAF gene that jams a growth switch permanently on.
- Late effects and survivorship toxicity: Health problems appearing months or decades after treatment ends: heart damage, infertility, second cancers, lymphoedema, dry mouth, memory problems, weak bones.
Tests and results to bring
Diagnosis and staging: Biopsy with BRAF testing; blood count, liver tests, coagulation, abdominal ultrasound, skeletal survey or whole-body MRI, pituitary assessment.
Biomarker results to ask for: Risk-organ involvement at diagnosis (liver, spleen, cytopenias), Response at week six (LCH-III), BRAF V600E in tissue and cell-free DNA (burden, relapse), MAP2K1 and other MAPK alterations, Pituitary MRI, water deprivation testing and anterior pituitary hormones, Brain MRI for neurodegenerative change; liver imaging for sclerosing cholangitis.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Histopathology & immunohistochemistry, Liquid biopsy (ctDNA), MRI, Ultrasound.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- First line: Vinblastine and prednisone induction for six to twelve weeks, then continuation to twelve months in total (LCH-III); mercaptopurine added for risk-organ disease in some protocols. (Vinblastine, LCH-III, Cytotoxic chemotherapy)
- Non-response at week six or risk-organ progression: Switch to cytarabine or cladribine; intensive cladribine-cytarabine for refractory risk-organ disease; BRAF inhibitor (vemurafenib, dabrafenib) for BRAF V600E-mutant disease; reduced-intensity allogeneic transplantation in selected cases. (Cladribine, Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib + trametinib, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation)
- Reactivation: Repeat vinblastine-prednisone or cytarabine; targeted therapy for repeated reactivation; enrolment in LCH-IV. (Vinblastine, Cladribine, Vemurafenib)
- Long-term follow-up: Endocrine, neurological, hearing, hepatic and orthopaedic surveillance for late effects through a survivorship programme. (Late effects and survivorship toxicity, Survivorship care and late-effects surveillance, MRI)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.