Merkel cell carcinoma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/merkel-cell-carcinoma/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
17 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example CK20 perinuclear dot staining; TTF-1 negative, MCPyV large T antigen, MCPyV oncoprotein antibody titre, Sentinel lymph node status, PD-L1), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (localised (stage i-ii)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Nivolumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (regional nodal disease (stage iii)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Nivolumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (metastatic, first line), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Avelumab, Pembrolizumab, Retifanlimab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (immunotherapy-refractory), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Platinum + etoposide (EP / CE), Ipilimumab, Talimogene laherparepvec, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Nivolumab, Retifanlimab, Ipilimumab?
- 14.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 15.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 16.I read that “Half of patients do not respond to PD-1 blockade and have no effective second line”. How does that affect my plan?
- 17.I read that “Immunosuppressed patients: high incidence, poor outcomes, contraindications to immunotherapy”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Tumour mutational burden (TMB): How many mutations a tumour has.
- Immune-related adverse events (irAEs): Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are the autoimmune side effects of checkpoint inhibitors: colitis, thyroid problems, rash, hepatitis, pneumonitis.
- Rare cancers: Rare cancers are those with fewer than about 6 new cases per 100,000 people per year.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: CK20 perinuclear dot staining; TTF-1 negative, MCPyV large T antigen (IHC/PCR), MCPyV oncoprotein antibody titre (surveillance), Sentinel lymph node status, PD-L1 (not required for treatment), Tumour mutational burden (virus-negative).
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Localised (stage I-II): Wide local excision with sentinel node biopsy; adjuvant radiotherapy to the primary site (and nodal basin if node-positive); adjuvant nivolumab supported by ADMEC-O in selected patients. (Sentinel lymph node biopsy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Nivolumab)
- Regional nodal disease (stage III): Lymphadenectomy and/or nodal radiotherapy; neoadjuvant nivolumab (CheckMate 358) produced pathological complete responses in about half. (Nivolumab, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam))
- Metastatic, first line: Avelumab, pembrolizumab or retifanlimab; ~50% response with most responses durable. (Avelumab, Pembrolizumab, Retifanlimab)
- Immunotherapy-refractory: Platinum-etoposide chemotherapy (brief responses), radiotherapy, clinical trials (ipilimumab-nivolumab, T-VEC, adoptive T cells). (Platinum + etoposide (EP / CE), Ipilimumab, Talimogene laherparepvec)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.