Systemic mastocytosis
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/systemic-mastocytosis/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
17 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Serum tryptase, KIT D816V by high-sensitivity ddPCR in blood, Marrow mast cell aggregates with CD25, CD2, CD30 expression, C-findingsdefining advanced disease, SRSF2, ASXL1, RUNX1mutations; MARS and IPSM prognostic scores), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (indolent sm, symptomatic), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Avapritinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (advanced sm, first line), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Avapritinib, Midostaurin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (advanced sm, subsequent lines), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Cladribine, Midostaurin, Avapritinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (sm-ahn), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Azacitidine, Avapritinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Avapritinib, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Elenestinib?
- 14.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 15.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 16.I read that “Avapritinib carries intracranial bleeding risk at low platelet counts and cognitive effects; bezuclastinib and elenestinib are designed to avoid them”. How does that affect my plan?
- 17.I read that “The associated neoplasm in SM-AHN, not the mast cells, usually determines survival; combination strategies with hypomethylating agents and transplant are being studied”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Molecular response (MMR, MR4, treatment-free remission): In chronic myeloid leukaemia, how far the leukaemia gene signal in the blood has fallen, measured in logs: a 1,000-fold drop is a major molecular response, a 10,000-fold drop (MR4) is 'deep'.
- Driver mutation: One of the few mutations in a tumour that actually causes it to grow.
- Cytopenias and myelosuppression: The umbrella term for low blood counts of any kind (white cells, red cells, platelets) when treatment suppresses the bone marrow.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: Serum tryptase (adjusted for hereditary alpha-tryptasaemia), KIT D816V by high-sensitivity ddPCR in blood (allele burden tracks response), Marrow mast cell aggregates with CD25, CD2, CD30 expression, C-findings (cytopenias, liver dysfunction, hypoalbuminaemia, malabsorption, lytic bone lesions) defining advanced disease, SRSF2, ASXL1, RUNX1 (S/A/R) mutations; MARS and IPSM prognostic scores, Platelet count (avapritinib eligibility in AdvSM).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Histopathology & immunohistochemistry, Liquid biopsy (ctDNA), Multiparameter flow cytometry MRD.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Indolent SM, symptomatic: H1 and H2 antihistamines, cromolyn, leukotriene antagonists, omalizumab for anaphylaxis, epinephrine autoinjector, bone protection; avapritinib 25 mg daily for moderate to severe symptoms uncontrolled by these (PIONEER). (Avapritinib)
- Advanced SM, first line: Avapritinib 200 mg daily (platelets above 50 x 10^9/L) as preferred agent; midostaurin as alternative or where platelets are low. (Avapritinib, Midostaurin, KIT, Small-molecule kinase inhibitors)
- Advanced SM, subsequent lines: Switch between avapritinib and midostaurin; cladribine; clinical trials (bezuclastinib, elenestinib); allogeneic transplant for mast cell leukaemia or high-risk SM-AHN. (Cladribine, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Midostaurin, Avapritinib)
- SM-AHN: Treat the dominant component: KIT inhibitor for mast cell burden plus the standard therapy for the associated CMML, MDS or AML (hypomethylating agents, intensive chemotherapy, transplant). (Azacitidine, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Avapritinib)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.