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10 slides generated from the cancer page, with a quiz from the open benchmark and speaker notes that cite the sources. Arrow keys move between slides; Print gives one slide per page.
Biliary tract cancers arise in the bile ducts inside or outside the liver, the gallbladder or the ampulla where the duct meets the bowel. They share short survival and the same first-line chemotherapy with immunotherapy, but differ in causes and in the targetable mutations they carry. Each has its own page.
Biliary tract cancers are adenocarcinomas of the bile duct system. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma arises within the liver, perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma along the main ducts, gallbladder cancer in the gallbladder and ampullary cancer at the junction with the duodenum. Causes include liver fluke infection, primary sclerosing cholangitis, gallstones and, in Chile and India, a high background rate of gallbladder cancer. Surgery is the only cure and is possible in a minority; gemcitabine-cisplatin with durvalumab or pembrolizumab is the first-line treatment for advanced disease, and intrahepatic tumours often carry FGFR2 fusions or IDH1 mutations with approved targeted drugs. The subtype pages carry the detail.
| Setting | Approach | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| Resectable disease | Surgery followed by six months of capecitabine (BILCAP). | not mapped |
| Advanced disease | Gemcitabine-cisplatin with durvalumab (TOPAZ-1) or pembrolizumab; targeted therapy for FGFR2 and IDH1 alterations on progression. | not mapped |
| Second line by biology | Pemigatinib or futibatinib for FGFR2 fusions, ivosidenib for IDH1 mutations, FOLFOX otherwise. | not mapped |