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9 slides generated from the cancer page, with a quiz from the open benchmark and speaker notes that cite the sources. Arrow keys move between slides; Print gives one slide per page.
Seminoma is the slower, more radiosensitive half of testicular cancer. After removal of the testicle most men need no further treatment and are simply monitored; those who relapse or present with spread are cured with a short course of chemotherapy.
Seminoma arises from germ cell neoplasia in situ and presents as a painless testicular mass, with modest rises in hCG and LDH but never AFP, which would mark a non-seminomatous element. After radical inguinal orchidectomy, stage I disease is managed by surveillance in most men, since only about one in six relapse and all are salvageable; a single dose of carboplatin (MRC TE19) or, rarely now, para-aortic radiotherapy are alternatives. Stage II disease with small nodes is treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and bulkier or metastatic disease with three cycles of BEP or four of EP, curing more than 90 percent; residual masses after chemotherapy are assessed with PET rather than removed. Long-term follow-up watches for second cancers and cardiovascular effects of treatment.
| Setting | Approach | Guideline |
|---|---|---|
| Stage I | Orchidectomy then surveillance; single-dose carboplatin as an alternative; radiotherapy now rarely used because of second cancers. | not mapped |
| Stage II | Radiotherapy for small-volume nodes or chemotherapy (BEP or EP) for larger nodes; de-escalation trials of carboplatin with radiotherapy ongoing. | not mapped |
| Advanced | Three cycles of BEP or four of EP for good risk, four cycles of BEP for intermediate risk; PET-directed management of residual masses. | not mapped |