Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers (including esthesioneuroblastoma)
Cancers of the nose and sinuses are a mixed group, from squamous carcinoma to the nerve-derived esthesioneuroblastoma and the aggressive undifferentiated carcinoma SNUC. Surgery through the nose with an endoscope followed by precise radiotherapy has replaced disfiguring open operations, and giving chemotherapy first to see who responds now guides how SNUC is treated.
Overview
Sinonasal malignancies arise in the nasal cavity, maxillary and ethmoid sinuses and comprise squamous cell carcinoma (the majority, including HPV-related and inverted-papilloma-associated forms), intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (strongly linked to occupational wood and leather dust), esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma, graded by Hyams), sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), neuroendocrine carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucosal melanoma, NUT carcinoma and SMARCB1- or SMARCA4-deficient carcinomas. Molecular reclassification has split SNUC: about half carry IDH2 R172 mutations, and others are SWI/SNF-deficient; DEK-AFF2 fusion defines a distinct carcinoma. Proximity to orbit, skull base and brain dictates both symptoms (late presentation with obstruction, epistaxis, proptosis) and treatment complexity.
Surgery is the mainstay for resectable tumours, and endoscopic endonasal and combined cranioendoscopic approaches have replaced craniofacial resection for most, with equivalent control and less morbidity. Post-operative IMRT or proton therapy is standard for advanced stage, close margins, high grade and esthesioneuroblastoma; protons reduce dose to optic pathways and brain. SNUC is treated with induction platinum-etoposide chemotherapy, and the response-adapted approach from MD Anderson (JAMA Oncol 2019) directs responders to definitive chemoradiotherapy and non-responders to surgery, with better outcomes than surgery-first. Esthesioneuroblastoma is managed by resection and radiotherapy, with chemotherapy for high Hyams grade or advanced disease.
Frontiers are IDH2 inhibitors for IDH2-mutant SNUC (case reports and early trials with enasidenib), SWI/SNF-directed therapy, HPV-based prognostication, and multi-institutional consortia to run trials in these rare histologies.
State of the art today
- Endoscopic skull-base surgery has replaced open craniofacial resection for most tumours with equivalent oncological outcomes and far less morbidity.
- Response to induction chemotherapy is now used as a biomarker in SNUC to decide between organ-preserving chemoradiotherapy and surgery.
- Molecular splitting of SNUC into IDH2-mutant and SWI/SNF-deficient groups has given the first targetable alterations in a disease that had none.
- Proton therapy reduces dose to optic nerves and brain in tumours that sit against both.
Where it starts and where it drains
Site decides cause and behaviour: HPV drives oropharyngeal cancer, EBV drives nasopharyngeal cancer, tobacco drives oral and laryngeal cancer; all drain into the neck node levels that surgeons and radiotherapists map.
- Oral cavity and tongue
- Oropharynx: tonsil, base of tongue (HPV)Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (keratinising, non-keratinising, HPV-related)
- Nasopharynx (EBV)Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (keratinising, non-keratinising, HPV-related) · Esthesioneuroblastoma (Hyams grade I to IV) · Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (IDH2-mutant and other) · SMARCB1- and SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinoma · Sinonasal mucosal melanoma · Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sinonasal tract
- Larynx and hypopharynx
- Parotid and other salivary glandsAdenoid cystic carcinoma of the sinonasal tract
- Thyroid
- level I (submandibular)
- level II (upper jugular)
- level III-IV (jugular)
- level V (posterior)
- level VI (central, thyroid)
- retropharyngeal (nasopharynx)
Same organ: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Salivary gland cancers, Thyroid cancer, NUT carcinoma (midline carcinoma with NUTM1 rearrangement), Parathyroid carcinoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (MEN1, MEN2, MEN4)
About 3 to 5 percent of head and neck cancers, or roughly one case per 100,000 per year; more common in men and in woodworkers, leather and nickel workers.
- AI in radiologyEstablished
- cfDNA fragmentomicsEstablished
- Colorectal cancer screening (colonoscopy, FIT, stool DNA, blood)Standard of care
- DNA methylation profilingEstablished
- HCC surveillance in cirrhosis (ultrasound + AFP)Standard of care
- High-risk pancreatic surveillance (CAPS / PRECEDE)Established
- A 28-day national pathway for people with a positive multi-cancer blood test
- A breath test to rule out cancer in people with vague symptoms
- A cancer blood test for older people arriving at A&E with unexplained symptoms
- A legislated, publicly reported 28-day standard from urgent referral to diagnosis
- A live national dashboard of stage at diagnosis as the scorecard for early detection
- A single 'cancer check at 60' appointment bundling all screening tests
Background: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Barrett's oesophagus, CA 19-9, Early detection, Faecal immunochemical test (FIT). Also on OnCo: Symptoms and red flags · Early detection roadmap.
Where the cases are
No country-level case numbers. This cancer is not mapped to a GLOBOCAN site.
Endoscopic or cranioendoscopic resection with negative margins followed by IMRT or proton therapy for advanced stage, high grade or close margins; concurrent cisplatin for positive margins or nodal disease.
Induction platinum-etoposide; responders proceed to definitive chemoradiotherapy, non-responders to surgery plus radiotherapy (response-adapted approach, JAMA Oncol 2019).
Platinum-based chemotherapy, and pembrolizumab or nivolumab per head and neck squamous indications for squamous histology; trials for IDH2-mutant SNUC (enasidenib) and SWI/SNF-deficient carcinoma.
Subtypes & biomarkers
top- Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (keratinising, non-keratinising, HPV-related)
- Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (occupational)
- Esthesioneuroblastoma (Hyams grade I to IV)
- Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (IDH2-mutant and other)
- SMARCB1- and SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinoma
- Sinonasal mucosal melanoma
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sinonasal tract
- Histological subtype and Hyams grade (esthesioneuroblastoma)
- IDH2 R172 mutation (SNUC)
- SMARCB1/SMARCA4 loss
- NUT immunohistochemistry to exclude NUT carcinoma
- HPV status (non-keratinising squamous)
- Occupational exposure history (wood dust)
Target prevalence in this cancer
- 1924Esthesioneuroblastoma first described (Berger and Luc)
- 1965Wood dust linked to sinonasal adenocarcinoma
Occupational epidemiology in the UK furniture industry (Acheson).
- 1986Frierson describes sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma
- 1988Hyams grading of esthesioneuroblastoma
- 2000Endoscopic endonasal resection of sinonasal cancer established
Series from Pittsburgh and Europe show equivalence to open surgery.
- 2017IDH2 mutations define a SNUC subset
Dogan and colleagues; Jo and colleagues.
- 2019Response-adapted treatment of SNUC
Amit and colleagues, JAMA Oncol.
Open problems, and what is being done about each
Late presentation: most tumours are locally advanced at diagnosis; awareness in ENT clinics and imaging AI are the response.
and how the field plans to fix it →What is being done about thisFinding cancer earlierAvailable now- AI in radiologyEstablished
- cfDNA fragmentomicsEstablished
- Colorectal cancer screening (colonoscopy, FIT, stool DNA, blood)Standard of care
- DNA methylation profilingEstablished
- HCC surveillance in cirrhosis (ultrasound + AFP)Standard of care
- High-risk pancreatic surveillance (CAPS / PRECEDE)Established
In trialsIdeas and roadmaps- A 28-day national pathway for people with a positive multi-cancer blood test
- A breath test to rule out cancer in people with vague symptoms
- A cancer blood test for older people arriving at A&E with unexplained symptoms
- A legislated, publicly reported 28-day standard from urgent referral to diagnosis
- A live national dashboard of stage at diagnosis as the scorecard for early detection
- A single 'cancer check at 60' appointment bundling all screening tests
Background: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Barrett's oesophagus, CA 19-9, Early detection, Faecal immunochemical test (FIT). Also on OnCo: Symptoms and red flags · Early detection roadmap.
No randomised trials exist for any sinonasal histology; international consortia are pooling cases.
and how the field plans to fix it →What is being done about thisRare cancers and small trialsAvailable now- AI trial matching & clinical decision supportEstablished
- Comprehensive genomic profilingStandard of care
- Dinutuximab (ch14.18) / dinutuximab betaApproved
- Eflornithine (DFMO)Approved
- LarotrectinibApproved
- Limb-salvage surgery and endoprosthetic reconstructionStandard of care
In trials- ACTIONRecruiting
- COG AALL1731Positive
- COG ANBL0032Positive
- DeFiPositive
- Euro Ewing 2012Positive
- Functional (ex vivo) drug testingEmerging
Ideas and roadmaps- A digital second-opinion network answering community oncologists within 72 hours
- A DRUP-style protocol for off-label generic targeted drugs in rare tumours
- A funded expert second opinion for every new high-stakes or rare cancer diagnosis
- A global first-in-human network for academic cancer trials with single ethics review
- A global open trials operating system any hospital can plug into
- A live 'seats available' feed for trial slots, like airline inventory
Background: Basket, umbrella, and platform trials, Centralisation and high-volume centres, FNCLCC grade (soft-tissue sarcoma), Histotype-tailored therapy, INRG staging and risk groups. Also on OnCo: Find a trial · Expert centres.
IDH2-mutant SNUC: prospective trials of IDH2 inhibitors.
Visual and neurocognitive toxicity of radiotherapy: protons and reduced-margin planning.
and how the field plans to fix it →What is being done about thisSide effects and quality of lifeAvailable now- IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)Standard of care
- Proton therapyEstablished
- Robotic & minimally invasive surgeryStandard of care
- Cardio-oncologyEstablished
- Exercise & lifestyle oncologyEstablished
- Geriatric assessmentEstablished
In trialsIdeas and roadmaps- A cheap old tablet to restore appetite
- A coordinated FLASH radiotherapy evidence programme with shared dose-rate standards
- A dedicated programme for cachexia and treatment toxicity research
- A dietitian in every gastrointestinal and head and neck tumour board
- A funded programme of organ-preservation trials to avoid radical surgery
- A lifelong late-effects registry linked to every treatment for adult survivors
Background: CTCAE toxicity grading (grade 3-4 adverse events), De-escalation, escalation and response-adapted therapy, Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), Quality of life, Toxicity grade. Also on OnCo: Side effects, symptom first · Immune-related side effects · Toxicity compare · Survivorship planner.
Trials
topRecruiting now (live from ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Expert centres
topCentres linked to this cancer in OnCo
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- Johns Hopkins Hospital / Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterBaltimore, USNewsweek oncology #10NCI comprehensivevia Pembrolizumab
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- Aarhus University HospitalAarhus, DKvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy, Nivolumab
- American Society for Radiation OncologyArlington, VA, USvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Apollo Hospitals (Apollo Cancer Centres)Chennai, INvia Proton therapy, Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Centre Antoine LacassagneNice, FRvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan, TWvia Proton therapy, Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Cleveland Clinic Abu DhabiAbu Dhabi, AEvia Proton therapy, Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- European Society for Radiotherapy and OncologyBrussels, BEvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Hokkaido University HospitalSapporo, JPvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- National Cancer Center Hospital EastKashiwa, Chiba, JPvia Proton therapy, Nivolumab
- via Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research CentreNew Delhi, INvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, AUvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol UniversityBangkok, THvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy, Nivolumab
- Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou, CNvia Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- A.C. Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, BRvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Alliance for Clinical Trials in OncologyChicago, IL, USvia Pembrolizumab
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- Centre François BaclesseCaen, FRvia Proton therapy
- Centre Oscar LambretLille, FRvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia, PA, USvia Proton therapy
- Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Chris O'Brien LifehouseSydney, AUvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF)Freiburg im Breisgau, DEvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy
- via Nivolumab
- Erasmus MC Cancer InstituteRotterdam, NLvia Proton therapy
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- European Society of Surgical OncologyBrussels, BEvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Fundación Arturo López PérezSantiago, CLvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Geneva University Hospitals (HUG)Geneva, CHvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- German Hodgkin Study GroupCologne, DEvia Nivolumab
- GOG FoundationPhiladelphia, PA, USvia Pembrolizumab
- Groote Schuur Hospital / University of Cape TownCape Town, ZAvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Hacettepe University Cancer InstituteAnkara, TRvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Ho Chi Minh City Oncology HospitalHo Chi Minh City, VNvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Hunan Cancer HospitalChangsha, CNvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer CenterIndianapolis, IN, USNCI comprehensivevia Cisplatin
- Institut BergoniéBordeaux, FRvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Institut Jules BordetBrussels, BEvia Pembrolizumab
- Institut National d'Oncologie, RabatRabat, MAvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Institut Salah AzaïezTunis, TNvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Institute of Oncology LjubljanaLjubljana, SIvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- International Extranodal Lymphoma Study GroupBellinzona, CHvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzano (Milan), ITvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilan, ITvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria HospitalNegrar di Valpolicella (Verona), ITvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Istanbul University Institute of OncologyIstanbul, TRvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Nivolumab
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Juravinski Cancer Centre / Escarpment Cancer Research InstituteHamilton, ON, CAvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Keio University HospitalTokyo, JPvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Kenyatta National HospitalNairobi, KEvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy
- Korle Bu Teaching HospitalAccra, GHvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Kyoto University HospitalKyoto, JPvia Nivolumab
- Kyushu University HospitalFukuoka, JPvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Lagos University Teaching HospitalLagos, NGvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Nivolumab
- via Pembrolizumab
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden, NLvia Proton therapy
- Maastricht UMC+ Comprehensive Cancer CenterMaastricht, NLvia Proton therapy
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Max Healthcare (Max Institute of Cancer Care)New Delhi, INvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- National Cancer Center KoreaGoyang, KRvia Proton therapy
- National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore, SGvia Proton therapy
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- National Institute of Oncology, HungaryBudapest, HUvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei, TWvia Proton therapy
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- Ocean Road Cancer InstituteDar es Salaam, TZvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Osaka International Cancer InstituteOsaka, JPvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- Queen Mary Hospital / University of Hong KongHong Kong, HKvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Rambam Health Care CampusHaifa, ILvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Rigshospitalet – Copenhagen University HospitalCopenhagen, DKvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, CNvia Proton therapy
- via Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Seoul St. Mary's HospitalSeoul, KRvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalShanghai, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Shizuoka Cancer CenterNagaizumi, Shizuoka, JPvia Proton therapy
- Society of Gynecologic OncologyChicago, IL, USvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- Society of Surgical OncologyRosemont, IL, USvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
- via Proton therapy
- SWOG Cancer Research NetworkPortland, OR, USvia Nivolumab
- via Proton therapy
- Tata Medical Center, KolkataKolkata, INvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Tawam HospitalAl Ain, AEvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel Aviv, ILvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation TrustLiverpool, GBvia Proton therapy
- TROG Cancer ResearchNewcastle, NSW, AUvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- UMC Utrecht Cancer CenterUtrecht, NLvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- via Proton therapy
- University of Malaya Medical CentreKuala Lumpur, MYvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterBaltimore, MD, USNCI comprehensivevia Proton therapy
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via Proton therapy
- UZ Leuven / Leuven Cancer InstituteLeuven, BEvia Proton therapy
- Velindre Cancer CentreCardiff, GBvia IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- via IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, CNvia Robotic & minimally invasive surgery
Questions to ask
topQuestions to ask your oncologist about Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers
Newly diagnosed
- What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?Why: Everything else follows from an accurate stage and subtype.
- Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Histological subtype and Hyams grade, IDH2 R172 mutation, SMARCB1/SMARCA4 loss, NUT immunohistochemistry to exclude NUT carcinoma, HPV status), and what were the results?Why: These results decide eligibility for targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and trials.
- Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?Why: Recognised subtypes for this cancer include Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma, Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma, Esthesioneuroblastoma.
- Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?Why: Inherited variants can change treatment and matter for relatives.
Resectable squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, esthesioneuroblastoma
- For my situation (resectable squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, esthesioneuroblastoma), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?Why: Guideline options include: Endoscopic or cranioendoscopic resection with negative margins followed by IMRT or proton therapy for advanced stage, high grade or close margins; concurrent cisplatin for positive margins or nodal disease.
- Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, and what side effects should I expect?Why: Knowing the expected toxicities helps you plan work, family, and supportive care.
Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma
- For my situation (sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?Why: Guideline options include: Induction platinum-etoposide; responders proceed to definitive chemoradiotherapy, non-responders to surgery plus radiotherapy (response-adapted approach, JAMA Oncol 2019).
- Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, Etoposide, Platinum + etoposide (EP / CE), and what side effects should I expect?Why: Knowing the expected toxicities helps you plan work, family, and supportive care.
Unresectable or metastatic
- For my situation (unresectable or metastatic), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?Why: Guideline options include: Platinum-based chemotherapy, and pembrolizumab or nivolumab per head and neck squamous indications for squamous histology; trials for IDH2-mutant SNUC (enasidenib) and SWI/SNF-deficient carcinoma.
- Am I a candidate for Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Enasidenib, and what side effects should I expect?Why: Knowing the expected toxicities helps you plan work, family, and supportive care.
Any stage
- Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Proton therapy, Enasidenib, Pembrolizumab?Why: Trials are how the next standard of care is set; asking early keeps options open.
- Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?Why: Rare or high-stakes decisions benefit from a centre that treats many similar patients.
- What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?Why: Supportive care improves quality of life and helps patients complete treatment.
- I read that “Late presentation: most tumours are locally advanced at diagnosis; awareness in ENT clinics and imaging AI are the response”. How does that affect my plan?Why: Open problems are where trials and second opinions matter most.
- I read that “No randomised trials exist for any sinonasal histology; international consortia are pooling cases”. How does that affect my plan?Why: Open problems are where trials and second opinions matter most.
Print this page for your appointment (your browser's print command). These prompts are for discussion; your clinical team knows your case.
Direct links plus the targets, companies, and technologies of this cancer's products.
technologies
9targets
3drugs
6companies
2pathways
2terms
3bottlenecks
1Latest papers
topQuery for this cancer: (TITLE:"Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers" OR ABSTRACT:"Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers" OR TITLE:"including esthesioneuroblastoma" OR ABSTRACT:"including esthesioneuroblastoma" OR TITLE:"Sinonasal cancer" OR ABSTRACT:"Sinonasal cancer" OR TITLE:"Esthesioneuroblastoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Esthesioneuroblastoma" OR TITLE:"Olfactory neuroblastoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Olfactory neuroblastoma" OR TITLE:"Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma" OR ABSTRACT:"Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma") AND (treatment OR therapy OR trial OR survival OR diagnosis). Results are unfiltered search hits about Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers (including esthesioneuroblastoma), not a curated reading list.
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