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The council inside Japan's health ministry that advises on what public health insurance pays doctors and hospitals and on listing new medicines at their insured prices. Payers, doctors and independent members sit on it, and it meets in public.
Chuikyo is set up in the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare by article 1 of the Act on Social Insurance Medical Councils (Act No. 47 of 1950, in force 1 April 1950). Article 2 has it deliberate and report in writing, at the minister's request, on the fee schedule and related standards made under the Health Insurance Act, and lets it make recommendations to the minister on its own initiative. Article 3 sets its membership at twenty: seven representing insurers, the insured and employers, seven representing physicians, dentists and pharmacists, and six representing the public interest, whose appointment needs the consent of both houses of the Diet. Members serve two years, and the council must meet at least once every six months.
The ministry's meeting page shows how much of cancer drug access passes through it: the general assembly's 659th meeting on 7 October 2026 considered new National Health Insurance drug price listings, and its 660th on 28 October 2026 considered insurance coverage of medical devices and laboratory tests and a report from the cost-effectiveness evaluation expert organisation.
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