Male breast cancer
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/male-breast-cancer/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
18 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example ER, PR, HER2, Germline BRCA1/2 and multigene panel, Ki-67 and genomic assays, Nodal status, Testosterone and oestradiol if aromatase inhibitors are considered), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (early stage), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Trastuzumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (adjuvant endocrine, er-positive), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Tamoxifen, Goserelin / leuprolide (ovarian function suppression), Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors), and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (advanced, er-positive), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant, Palbociclib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (germline brca carriers), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Olaparib, Talazoparib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.How do the results of OlympiA apply to someone like me?
- 14.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Olaparib, Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Trastuzumab deruxtecan?
- 15.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 16.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 17.I read that “Men are still under-enrolled in breast cancer trials; regulatory guidance and label harmonisation are the response”. How does that affect my plan?
- 18.I read that “Aromatase inhibitor efficacy and the need for GnRH co-treatment rest on small studies; registries are collecting outcomes”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Hormone receptor status (ER / PR): Whether a breast cancer's cells carry receptors for oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR).
- Germline BRCA mutation (gBRCA): An inherited fault in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, present in every cell from birth, that greatly raises the risk of breast, ovarian, prostate and pancreatic cancer and makes those cancers sensitive to PARP inhibitors and platinum.
- Mastectomy: Removing the whole breast, either for cancer or preventively in BRCA1/2 carriers, where bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy cuts breast cancer risk by 90% or more.
- Hereditary cancer syndromes: About 5-10% of cancers arise from an inherited gene fault.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: ER, PR, HER2 (as in women), Germline BRCA1/2 and multigene panel (recommended for all men with breast cancer), Ki-67 and genomic assays (Oncotype DX validated mainly in women), Nodal status, Testosterone and oestradiol if aromatase inhibitors are considered.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Germline (hereditary) testing, Mammography & tomosynthesis.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Early stage: Mastectomy (or breast conservation where feasible) with sentinel node biopsy; adjuvant radiotherapy by the same criteria as women; chemotherapy and HER2-directed therapy as indicated. (Mastectomy, Sentinel lymph node biopsy, Trastuzumab)
- Adjuvant endocrine, ER-positive: Tamoxifen for five to ten years; aromatase inhibitor only with GnRH agonist suppression if tamoxifen is contraindicated. (Tamoxifen, Goserelin / leuprolide (ovarian function suppression), Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors))
- Advanced, ER-positive: Endocrine therapy (tamoxifen, or aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant with GnRH agonist) with a CDK4/6 inhibitor by extrapolation; chemotherapy for visceral crisis. (Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant, Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib)
- Germline BRCA carriers: PARP inhibitor (olaparib adjuvant per OlympiA; olaparib or talazoparib for metastatic disease) and cascade testing of relatives. (Olaparib, Talazoparib, Germline (hereditary) testing, OlympiA)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.