SHH-activated medulloblastoma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/medulloblastoma-shh/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
18 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example GAB1, YAP1 and filamin A immunohistochemistry for SHH, PTCH1, SUFU and SMO mutations, TP53 mutation, somatic and germline, GLI2 and MYCN amplification, DNA methylation subtype), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (infants under three, tp53-wildtype), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Methotrexate or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (children over three and adults, tp53-wildtype), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (tp53-mutant), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Vincristine or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (relapsed, skeletally mature, upstream ptch1 or smo lesion), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Vismodegib, Sonidegib, Temozolomide, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.For my situation (survivorship), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 14.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Vismodegib, Sonidegib, DNA methylation profiling, Proton therapy?
- 15.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 16.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 17.I read that “No therapy improves TP53-mutant SHH medulloblastoma”. How does that affect my plan?
- 18.I read that “Smoothened inhibitors fuse growth plates and fail against downstream activation”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Secondary malignancy (therapy-related cancer): A new, different cancer caused by the treatment of the first one: leukaemia after alkylating chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors, solid tumours in irradiated tissue decades later, and rarely T-cell lymphoma after CAR-T.
- Medulloblastoma molecular groups (WNT, SHH, group 3, group 4): Medulloblastoma is four diseases under one microscope: the WNT group is almost always cured, the SHH group depends on age and TP53, and groups 3 and 4 carry most of the deaths, so the group now steers how much radiation and chemotherapy a child receives.
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53): Li-Fraumeni syndrome is an inherited fault in the TP53 gene giving a lifetime cancer risk near 100% in women and ~75% in men, with sarcomas, breast cancer, brain tumours, adrenal cancer and leukaemias often in childhood.
- Late effects and survivorship toxicity: Health problems appearing months or decades after treatment ends: heart damage, infertility, second cancers, lymphoedema, dry mouth, memory problems, weak bones.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: GAB1, YAP1 and filamin A immunohistochemistry for SHH, PTCH1, SUFU and SMO mutations, TP53 mutation, somatic and germline, GLI2 and MYCN amplification, DNA methylation subtype (SHH infant, child, adult), Germline PTCH1, SUFU and TP53 testing, Chromosome 9q loss.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Germline (hereditary) testing, DNA methylation profiling.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Infants under three, TP53-wildtype: HIT-SKK-type chemotherapy with intraventricular methotrexate and no radiotherapy; high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue for poorer methylation subtypes. (Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Methotrexate, Carboplatin, Etoposide, Thiotepa, Autologous stem cell transplant (high-dose therapy))
- Children over three and adults, TP53-wildtype: Maximal safe resection, craniospinal radiotherapy (23.4 Gy average risk, 36 Gy high risk) with boost, then cisplatin, vincristine and cyclophosphamide or lomustine. (Proton therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Cisplatin, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Lomustine (CCNU))
- TP53-mutant: High-risk therapy with germline testing of the child and family; trials of novel agents; radiotherapy weighed against second-tumour risk in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Germline (hereditary) testing, TP53, Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53))
- Relapsed, skeletally mature, upstream PTCH1 or SMO lesion: Vismodegib or sonidegib for temporary control; other relapses receive temozolomide-based chemotherapy or re-irradiation. (Vismodegib, Sonidegib, Smoothened (hedgehog pathway), Hedgehog signalling, Temozolomide)
- Survivorship: Neurocognitive, endocrine and hearing follow-up; skin surveillance for basal cell carcinoma in Gorlin syndrome after radiotherapy. (Late effects and survivorship toxicity, Secondary malignancy (therapy-related cancer))
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.