Phyllodes tumour of the breast
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/phyllodes-tumour/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
14 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example WHO grade from stromal cellularity, atypia, mitotic count, stromal overgrowth and border, Margin status after excision, Tumour size relative to the breast, MED12 mutationand TERT promoter mutation, No routine hormone receptor or HER2 testing), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (diagnosis), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (benign phyllodes tumour), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.For my situation (borderline and malignant phyllodes tumour), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.For my situation (metastatic malignant phyllodes tumour), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Doxorubicin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)?
- 11.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 12.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 13.I read that “No randomised trial has tested margin width or radiotherapy”. How does that affect my plan?
- 14.I read that “Core biopsy cannot reliably distinguish phyllodes tumour from fibroadenoma”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Core needle biopsy and fine-needle aspiration (FNA): Taking a sliver of tissue (core) or a few cells (fine-needle aspiration) through a needle guided by ultrasound, CT or MRI, to diagnose the cancer and test its markers without surgery.
- Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery): Removing only the tumour with a rim of normal breast, keeping the breast; almost always followed by radiotherapy.
- Mastectomy: Removing the whole breast, either for cancer or preventively in BRCA1/2 carriers, where bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy cuts breast cancer risk by 90% or more.
Tests and results to bring
Diagnosis: Ultrasound and mammography, core needle biopsy, and excision of any rapidly growing or large fibroepithelial lesion because biopsy cannot reliably separate phyllodes tumour from fibroadenoma.
Biomarker results to ask for: WHO grade from stromal cellularity, atypia, mitotic count, stromal overgrowth and border (benign, borderline, malignant), Margin status after excision, Tumour size relative to the breast, MED12 mutation (shared with fibroadenoma) and TERT promoter mutation (borderline and malignant), No routine hormone receptor or HER2 testing (stroma-driven tumour), Chest CT for metastases in malignant tumours.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Histopathology & immunohistochemistry, Mammography & tomosynthesis, Ultrasound.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Benign phyllodes tumour: Complete excision with clear margins; observation if margins are close after a benign diagnosis. (Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery))
- Borderline and malignant phyllodes tumour: Wide excision aiming for clear margins or mastectomy for large tumours, no axillary staging, and adjuvant radiotherapy considered after breast conservation. (Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery), Mastectomy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam))
- Metastatic malignant phyllodes tumour: Treated as a soft-tissue sarcoma with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy; no proven benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. (Doxorubicin, Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST))
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.