Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/post-transplant-lymphoproliferative-disorder/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
15 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example EBV status of tumourand plasma EBV DNA load, CD20 expression, Recipient EBV serostatus at transplant, Type and intensity of immunosuppression, LDH, stage, performance status and graft involvement), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (all ptld, first step), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (cd20-positive ptld not responding to reduced immunosuppression), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.Am I a candidate for Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 8.For my situation (ebv-positive, relapsed or refractory), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.For my situation (after allogeneic hsct, high risk), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Rituximab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Allogeneic (off-the-shelf) cell therapy, Rituximab, Glofitamab, Epcoritamab?
- 12.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 13.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 14.I read that “Rituximab-refractory and EBV-negative PTLD have poor outcomes; EBV-specific T cells, CAR-T and bispecific antibodies are the routes being tested”. How does that affect my plan?
- 15.I read that “US access to tabelecleucel awaits FDA resolution of manufacturing findings; academic virus-specific T-cell banks fill the gap”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukaemia: After a donor transplant, the donor's immune cells may attack the patient's skin, gut and liver (graft-versus-host disease) while also hunting down leftover leukaemia (graft-versus-leukaemia).
- Plasma EBV DNA: Fragments of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood that measure nasopharyngeal carcinoma: used to screen healthy people in endemic regions, to stage, to decide who needs extra treatment after radiotherapy, and to detect relapse.
- Allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT): Replacing a patient's blood system with a donor's: chemotherapy wipes out the marrow, donor stem cells rebuild it, and the donor's immune cells hunt down leftover leukaemia.
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cancer: The common glandular-fever virus, carried lifelong by most adults, which in a minority of people drives nasopharyngeal cancer, some stomach cancers and several lymphomas.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: EBV status of tumour (EBER in situ hybridisation) and plasma EBV DNA load, CD20 expression (rituximab eligibility), Recipient EBV serostatus at transplant, Type and intensity of immunosuppression, LDH, stage, performance status and graft involvement (prognostic index), HLA type (for matched EBV-specific T-cell products).
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- After allogeneic HSCT, high risk: Weekly plasma EBV DNA monitoring with pre-emptive rituximab when load rises; reduction of immunosuppression where possible. (Rituximab, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Plasma EBV DNA)
- All PTLD, first step: Reduce immunosuppression as far as graft safety allows, with close monitoring for rejection; surgery or radiotherapy for localised disease. (Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cancer)
- CD20-positive PTLD not responding to reduced immunosuppression: Rituximab weekly for four doses; patients in complete remission continue rituximab consolidation alone, others proceed to R-CHOP (PTLD-1 risk-stratified sequential treatment). (Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, CD20)
- EBV-positive, relapsed or refractory: EBV-specific T cells: tabelecleucel (EMA approval 2022; under FDA review) or institutional virus-specific T-cell programmes; clinical trials. (Allogeneic (off-the-shelf) cell therapy, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cancer)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.