Smouldering multiple myeloma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/smouldering-myeloma/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
15 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Serum M-protein and immunofixation, Free light chain ratio, Marrow plasma cell percentage, Mayo 20/2/20 and IMWG risk scores, High-risk cytogenetics: t, del, gain 1q), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (low- and intermediate-risk), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (high-risk (mayo 20/2/20 or imwg high risk)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.Am I a candidate for Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone, and what side effects should I expect?
- 8.For my situation (trials of interception), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Linvoseltamab, Isatuximab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.How do the results of A Study to Compare Linvoseltamab and Daratumumab Treatment in High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (HR-SMM) and A Proof-of-Concept Trial to Study the Safety and Activity of Linvoseltamab in Adult Participants With Smoldering Multiple Myeloma at High Risk of Deve apply to someone like me?
- 11.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Daratumumab, Linvoseltamab, Isatuximab, iStopMM?
- 12.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 13.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 14.I read that “No trial has shown that treating smouldering myeloma lengthens life rather than delaying the label of active disease”. How does that affect my plan?
- 15.I read that “Risk models still misclassify many patients in both directions”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Smouldering myeloma / MGUS: Early plasma-cell conditions with no organ damage; most never progress, but high-risk smouldering disease is now sometimes treated.
- R-ISS / R2-ISS staging: R-ISS is the myeloma staging system, combining blood markers with high-risk chromosome changes to predict outcome.
- High-risk cytogenetics (myeloma): Chromosome changes such as del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16) and extra copies of 1q that mark myeloma likely to relapse early.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: Serum M-protein and immunofixation, Free light chain ratio, Marrow plasma cell percentage, Mayo 20/2/20 and IMWG risk scores, High-risk cytogenetics: t(4;14), del(17p), gain 1q, Whole-body MRI or PET-CT for focal lesions, Evolving M-protein over time.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: PET/CT, Whole-body MRI.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Low- and intermediate-risk: Active monitoring with blood tests every three to six months and imaging when the M-protein or light chains rise; no treatment. (Smouldering myeloma / MGUS, Whole-body MRI)
- High-risk (Mayo 20/2/20 or IMWG high risk): Daratumumab monotherapy for up to three years (AQUILA), or lenalidomide with or without dexamethasone (E3A06), or a clinical trial; monitoring remains acceptable after shared decision-making. (Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, Dexamethasone, Smouldering myeloma / MGUS)
- Trials of interception: Bispecific antibodies (linvoseltamab), isatuximab-lenalidomide-dexamethasone and curative-intent quadruplets in high-risk disease; population screening studies. (Linvoseltamab, Isatuximab, A Study to Compare Linvoseltamab and Daratumumab Treatment in High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (HR-SMM), A Proof-of-Concept Trial to Study the Safety and Activity of Linvoseltamab in Adult Participants With Smoldering Multiple Myeloma at High Risk of Deve, Isatuximab in Combination With Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, iStopMM)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.