ICOS
ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
Overview
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response. Upon binding to its ligand ICOSL expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), delivers costimulatory signals that enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines including IL10, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Also acts as a costimulatory receptor critical for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells upon immune challenges such as viral infection.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.61 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.30, affected pathway 0.61, literature 0.97, genetic association 0.64, animal model 0.32).
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
- 1 · What it is
ICOS (Inducible T-cell costimulator) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at ICOS yet. Drugs bind the molecule precisely: to switch it off, flag the cell for the immune system, or deliver a payload.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:5351 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt Q9Y6W8 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000163600 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.61; (GraphQL API, CC0))
Biology
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response. Upon binding to its ligand ICOSL expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), delivers costimulatory signals that enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines including IL10, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Also acts as a costimulatory receptor critical for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells upon immune challenges such as viral infection. Mechanistically, potentiates TCR-induced calcium flux by augmenting PLCG1 activation and actin remodeling. In addition, activates PI3K signalling pathways independently of calcium flux. Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Location: Cell membrane; Secreted (UniProt). Locus 2q33.2 (HGNC).
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.30. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"ICOS" OR ABSTRACT:"ICOS" OR TITLE:"inducible T cell costimulator" OR ABSTRACT:"inducible T cell costimulator" OR TITLE:"Inducible T-cell costimulator" OR ABSTRACT:"Inducible T-cell costimulator" OR TITLE:"AILIM" OR ABSTRACT:"AILIM" OR TITLE:"CD278" OR ABSTRACT:"CD278") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about ICOS, not a curated reading list.