Radiation pneumonitis and lung fibrosis
Inflammation of the lung one to six months after chest radiotherapy, causing cough, breathlessness and fever; usually settles with steroids but can leave permanent scarring.
Overview
Radiation pneumonitis follows treatment of lung, oesophageal, breast and lymphoma targets and depends on the volume of lung receiving moderate doses (the V20 and mean lung dose constraints exist to limit it), on chemotherapy and immunotherapy given alongside, and on pre-existing lung disease. Symptomatic pneumonitis is treated with a tapering course of corticosteroids; the late phase is fibrosis of the treated lung, which is permanent. Immunotherapy after chemoradiation (PACIFIC) raised pneumonitis rates and is now a routine consideration.
Showing the technology this term belongs to: Radioprotectors and normal-tissue sparing drugs.
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