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Sertoli cell tumour is a rare testicular tumour arising from the cells that support sperm production. Most are benign and cured by removing the testis; about one in ten spread, and there is no good treatment for those. A calcifying form occurs in boys with Peutz-Jeghers or Carney syndromes, usually with breast enlargement.
Sertoli cell tumours are sex cord-stromal tumours of the testis; the WHO classification separates the not otherwise specified type from the large cell calcifying and the intratubular large cell hyalinising types (Moch 2016). In the series of 60 tumours not otherwise specified, presentation was usually a slowly enlarging painless mass, all were unilateral, size ranged from 0.3 to 15 cm (mean 3.6), nuclear atypia was absent or mild in 54, and four patients had metastases at presentation (Young 1998). Exon 3 mutations of CTNNB1 with nuclear beta-catenin were found in 10 of 14 tumours, linking the tumour to WNT pathway activation (Am J Surg Pathol 2014). In boys, intratubular Sertoli cell proliferations and large cell calcifying tumours occur with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and gynaecomastia (Am J Surg Pathol 2001).
How it differs from its parent: like Leydig cell tumours it is not a germ cell tumour, does not respond to cisplatin chemotherapy, does not raise the germ cell markers and is usually benign; malignancy is judged from size over 5 cm, necrosis, vascular invasion, atypia and mitoses.
How common: no incidence figure in the sources read.
Treatment: orchidectomy (testis-sparing in syndromic boys with bilateral tumours); retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for malignant features; no effective systemic therapy for metastatic disease.
Rare: the defining series holds 60 tumours not otherwise specified, patient age 15 to 80 (mean 45), four with metastatic disease at presentation (Young 1998). No registry figure was found in the sources read.
Germ cell tumours drain along the spermatic cord to the para-aortic nodes high in the abdomen, not to the groin, which is why staging scans look at the retroperitoneum.
Same organ: Retroperitoneal germ cell tumour, Leydig cell tumour of the testis, Spermatocytic tumour of the testis, Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), Embryonal carcinoma of the testis, Yolk sac tumour of the testis, postpubertal type, Choriocarcinoma of the testis, Testicular germ cell tumours, Seminoma, Non-seminomatous germ cell tumour, Germ cell tumours of childhood and adolescence (extracranial and CNS)
No subtypes recorded beyond the ones named in the family strip above.
Orchidectomy, testis-sparing in syndromic boys; node dissection for malignant features; no effective systemic therapy for metastatic disease.
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Query for this cancer: (TITLE:"Sertoli cell tumour of the testis" OR ABSTRACT:"Sertoli cell tumour of the testis" OR TITLE:"Sertoli cell tumour" OR ABSTRACT:"Sertoli cell tumour" OR TITLE:"Sertoli cell tumor" OR ABSTRACT:"Sertoli cell tumor" OR TITLE:"Sertoli cell tumour, not otherwise specified" OR ABSTRACT:"Sertoli cell tumour, not otherwise specified" OR TITLE:"Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour" OR ABSTRACT:"Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour" OR TITLE:"Androblastoma of the testis" OR ABSTRACT:"Androblastoma of the testis") AND (treatment OR therapy OR trial OR survival OR diagnosis). Results are unfiltered search hits about Sertoli cell tumour of the testis, not a curated reading list.
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