GD2 (disialoganglioside)
GD2 is a sugar-fat molecule on the surface of neuroblastoma cells (and some other childhood and adult tumours) with almost none on normal tissue except nerves, which is why anti-GD2 drugs cause pain. This dossier gathers the 2 products (2 approved), 4 trials, 0 pathways and 0 resistance routes in the corpus that involve it, with external identifiers so it can be joined to UniProt, ChEMBL, Open Targets and the rest of biology.
Biology
Glycosphingolipid synthesised by GD2 synthase (B4GALNT1); not internalised efficiently, so antibodies act by ADCC/CDC rather than as ADC carriers.
- Neuroblastoma (~100%)
- Osteosarcoma
- Melanoma
- Diffuse midline glioma / DIPG
- Small-cell lung cancer (subset)
- Ewing sarcoma (subset)
Elsewhere: identifiers and databases
Built from HGNC, Ensembl, UniProt and ChEMBL idsProducts by modality and phase
Browse products →| Modality | Approved |
|---|---|
| Antibody 2 |
Trials
Evidence ranking →| Trial | Phase | Status | Setting | Result | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIOPEN HR-NBL1 NCT01704716 | 3 | Mixed | High-risk neuroblastoma (Europe): multiple randomisations, including busulfan-melphalan vs CEM conditioning and dinutuximab beta ± IL-2 | BuMel > CEM (EFS 50% vs 38%); IL-2 adds no benefit to anti-GD2. | |
| COG ANBL0032 NCT00026312 | 3 | Positive | High-risk neuroblastoma after transplant: ch14.18 (dinutuximab) + GM-CSF + IL-2 + isotretinoin vs isotretinoin alone | 2-year EFS 66% vs 46%; OS 86% vs 75%. | |
| Naxitamab Study 201 NCT03363373 | 2 | Positive | Relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma in bone/bone marrow: naxitamab + GM-CSF | ORR 50%. | |
| GD2-CART01 (Bambino Gesù phase 1/2) NCT03373097 | 1/2 | Positive | Relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma: third-generation GD2 CAR-T with inducible caspase-9 safety switch | ORR 63%, CR 33%; 3-year OS 60%. |
Resistance routes that involve this target
Unaddressed routes →The resistance atlas has no route that names this target.
Pathways where it is a node
Pathway-to-drug matrix →No pathway diagram carries this target as a node.
Companion diagnostics and assays
Assay registry →No companion diagnostic in the registry measures this target.
Preclinical models
All models →No model entry for this target yet; check the cancer entries on the models page.
Open questions
All open questions →No open questions recorded for this target yet. Suggest one.
Ideas and companies
Key papers and the live literature
Preprints →Query for this target: (TITLE:"GD2" OR ABSTRACT:"GD2" OR TITLE:"disialoganglioside" OR ABSTRACT:"disialoganglioside" OR TITLE:"GD2 B4GALNT1 product" OR ABSTRACT:"GD2 B4GALNT1 product") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about GD2 (disialoganglioside), not a curated reading list.
Export
The dossier as machine-readable JSON: identifiers from HGNC, Ensembl, UniProt and ChEMBL, products with status, trials, pathways, hotspots, open questions and assays. The full entity record is in the open API at /api/v1/entities/gd2.json. Licence CC BY 4.0.