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In São Paulo, Angelita Habr-Gama simply watched the patients whose rectal cancers had disappeared after chemoradiotherapy instead of operating. Ten-year survival was 98 percent, and she had invented watch and wait.
Habr-Gama, Perez, Nadalin and colleagues treated 265 patients with resectable distal rectal adenocarcinoma with neoadjuvant chemoradiation using fluorouracil, leucovorin and 5,040 cGy. Patients with an incomplete clinical response were referred for radical surgical resection. Those with a complete clinical response treated without operation (the observation group) were compared with those whose incomplete clinical response was treated surgically and whose specimens proved to be stage p0 (the resection group).
In the resection group nine definitive colostomies and seven diverting temporary ileostomies were performed, which is the morbidity the observation strategy avoids.
The origin of organ preservation in rectal cancer. Twenty years later OPRA made it a planned strategy and the dostarlimab series made it the expected outcome in mismatch repair-deficient disease.
Shares Complete response, Dostarlimab alone cures mismatch-repair-deficient rectal cancer without surgery or radiotherapy, Organ preservation in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with total neoadjuvant therapy (OPRA), Clinical complete response (cCR) and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Organ preservation in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with total neoadjuvant therapy (OPRA), Randomise organ preservation against surgery in mismatch repair-proficient rectal cancer, with bowel function as a co-primary endpoint, Radiotherapy, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT) and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Radiotherapy, Surgery and radiotherapy cure most, get least, Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation, Toxicity and quality of life are undervalued and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Radiotherapy, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT), Surgery and radiotherapy cure most, get least, Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Radiotherapy, Surgery and radiotherapy cure most, get least, Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation, Toxicity and quality of life are undervalued and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Radiotherapy, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT), Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation, Rectal cancer and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Surgery and radiotherapy cure most, get least, Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation, Rectal cancer, Colorectal cancer and the tag colorectal-evidence.
Shares Radiotherapy, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT), Rectal cancer, Colorectal cancer and the tag colorectal-evidence.