A panel of seven protein tumour markers for effective and affordable multi-cancer early detection by artificial intelligence: a large-scale and multicentre case-control study

Luan and colleagues analysed 7,565 participants (954 with cancer) from SeekIn and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital plus a Johns Hopkins validation cohort (1,005 with cancer, 812 without). Using one threshold per marker the seven markers had 56.9% specificity; the OncoSeek algorithm, combining the markers with age and sex, raised specificity to 92.9% (92.3 to 93.5) with overall sensitivity 51.7% (49.4 to 53.9). Sensitivities for nine common cancers ranged from 37.1% to 77.6% (pancreatic 77.6%), and tissue of origin was correct in 66.8% of true positives.