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The 1987 discovery that about a third of breast cancers carry extra copies of the HER2 gene and that these patients relapse sooner and die earlier; it gave breast cancer its third receptor and, by exclusion, the definition of triple-negative disease.
Slamon, Clark, Wong, Levin and colleagues examined the HER-2/neu oncogene, a member of the erbB family related to the epidermal growth factor receptor, in 189 primary human breast cancers. The gene was amplified two- to more than twenty-fold in 30 percent of tumours. Amplification was a significant predictor of both overall survival and time to relapse, retained significance after adjustment for other prognostic factors, and in node-positive disease had greater prognostic value than most factors then in use, including hormone receptor status.
Oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 became the three tests every breast cancer gets; the tumours negative for all three were left as a remainder, and it took twenty years for that remainder to acquire a name and a research agenda.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, HER2-positive breast cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.