Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
15 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Nuclear grade and necrosis, ER and PR status, HER2 status, Margin width, Oncotype DX DCIS Score or DCISionRT), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (localised dcis, breast conservation), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Oncotype DX, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (extensive or multicentric dcis), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.For my situation (er-positive dcis after breast conservation), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Tamoxifen, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.For my situation (low-risk dcis), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 11.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Active surveillance, Oncotype DX, Tamoxifen?
- 12.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 13.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 14.I read that “Distinguishing DCIS that would progress from DCIS that would not; molecular classifiers, mammographic AI and the monitoring trials are the route”. How does that affect my plan?
- 15.I read that “Long-term safety of active monitoring beyond two years; LORIS and LORD follow-up and the COMET ten-year endpoint will tell”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- In situ: Latin for 'in place': abnormal cells that look like cancer but have not yet broken through the layer they started in.
- Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Breast cancer cells confined inside the milk ducts, found mostly by mammography as calcifications.
- Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery): Removing only the tumour with a rim of normal breast, keeping the breast; almost always followed by radiotherapy.
- Carcinoma in situ (CIS): Cancer cells that fill the lining layer where they started but have not broken through the basement membrane into the tissue beneath.
- Mastectomy: Removing the whole breast, either for cancer or preventively in BRCA1/2 carriers, where bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy cuts breast cancer risk by 90% or more.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: Nuclear grade and necrosis, ER and PR status, HER2 status (not used to select therapy outside trials), Margin width (2 mm standard after breast conservation), Oncotype DX DCIS Score or DCISionRT (radiotherapy omission decisions), Extent on mammography and MRI.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Active surveillance, Companion diagnostics, Mammography & tomosynthesis, MRI, AI in radiology, RNA sequencing & expression profiling.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Localised DCIS, breast conservation: Lumpectomy to 2 mm margins followed by whole-breast radiotherapy (hypofractionated), with radiotherapy omission considered for low-risk lesions (RTOG 9804 criteria or genomic assay). (Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery), IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Oncotype DX)
- Extensive or multicentric DCIS: Mastectomy with sentinel node biopsy and optional reconstruction; radiotherapy not needed after mastectomy with clear margins. (Mastectomy, Sentinel lymph node biopsy)
- ER-positive DCIS after breast conservation: Tamoxifen (or anastrozole in postmenopausal women) for five years to reduce ipsilateral and contralateral breast events; low-dose tamoxifen is an option (TAM-01). (Tamoxifen, Endocrine therapy (SERMs, AIs, SERDs))
- Low-risk DCIS: Active monitoring with mammography every six months and optional endocrine therapy, in trials (COMET, LORIS, LORD) or after shared decision-making where guidelines allow. (Active surveillance, Mammography & tomosynthesis, Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), Overdiagnosis and false alarms)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.