Hodgkin lymphoma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/hodgkin-lymphoma/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
31 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Interim PET, CD30, PD-L1, Interim PETafter cycle 2, CD30 and CD15 on Reed-Sternberg cells; CD20 in NLPBL), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (advanced stage), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (early stage, favourable (i-ii)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Doxorubicin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.How do the results of AHOD2131 (COG / NCTN) apply to someone like me?
- 10.For my situation (early stage, unfavourable (i-ii bulky or risk factors)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 11.Am I a candidate for Doxorubicin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 12.For my situation (advanced stage (iii-iv), age ≤60), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 13.Am I a candidate for Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 14.How do the results of SWOG S1826 and ECHELON-1 apply to someone like me?
- 15.For my situation (advanced stage, age >60), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 16.Am I a candidate for Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 17.How do the results of SWOG S1826 apply to someone like me?
- 18.For my situation (first relapse, transplant-eligible), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 19.Am I a candidate for Brentuximab vedotin, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 20.How do the results of AETHERA apply to someone like me?
- 21.For my situation (relapse after transplant or transplant-ineligible), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 22.Am I a candidate for Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 23.How do the results of KEYNOTE-204 and CheckMate 205 apply to someone like me?
- 24.For my situation (paediatric (cog / euronet)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 25.Am I a candidate for Brentuximab vedotin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 26.For my situation (survivorship), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 27.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Abexinostat, MK-1045, Cobolimab, Rondecabtagene autoleucel?
- 28.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 29.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 30.I read that “Late toxicity in survivors”. How does that affect my plan?
- 31.I read that “Older patients”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- ABVD, BEACOPP and BrECADD (Hodgkin lymphoma regimens): The chemotherapy recipes that cure most Hodgkin lymphoma: ABVD (four drugs, the long-standing standard), the more intensive German BEACOPP, and newer versions that replace bleomycin with brentuximab vedotin (A+AVD) or add nivolumab (N-AVD).
- Reed-Sternberg cell: The Reed-Sternberg cell is the giant, often two-nucleus cancer cell of Hodgkin lymphoma; it makes up only about 1% of the tumour, and the rest is immune cells it has recruited.
- Overall survival (OS): Overall survival (OS) is how long patients live, full stop.
- Progression-free survival (PFS): Progression-free survival (PFS) is how long patients live without their cancer growing.
- Deauville score and PET-adapted therapy: A 1-to-5 scale for how brightly a lymphoma lights up on a PET scan, compared with the liver and the middle of the chest.
- Deauville five-point scale: A 1-to-5 score for how bright a lymphoma looks on PET compared with the liver; 1-3 is considered a complete metabolic response.
- Second cancers after radiotherapy: Radiotherapy can itself cause a new cancer in the treated area, typically ten to thirty years later.
- Lymphoma (tissue type): Cancer of lymphocytes, the white blood cells of the immune system, usually growing as masses in lymph nodes, spleen or other organs.
- Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH): Taking and holding a deep breath during each radiation beam.
- Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT): High-dose chemotherapy (melphalan in myeloma, BEAM in lymphoma) that would permanently destroy the bone marrow, made survivable by giving the patient back their own previously collected stem cells, which engraft in 10-14 days.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: Interim PET (Deauville), CD30, PD-L1 (9p24.1 amplification), Interim PET (Deauville score) after cycle 2, CD30 and CD15 on Reed-Sternberg cells; CD20 in NLPBL, 9p24.1 (PD-L1/PD-L2) amplification, EBV status (EBER), International Prognostic Score (IPS), Baseline metabolic tumour volume, ctDNA (research; PhasED-seq), Soluble CD30 (research).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: FDG PET, Mammography & tomosynthesis, PET-adapted (response-adapted) therapy, Quantitative imaging biomarkers (RECIST, PERCIST, SUV, ADC), Strain echocardiography (global longitudinal strain), Troponin and natriuretic peptide monitoring during cancer treatment.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Early stage, favourable (I-II): ABVD × 2 + involved-site radiotherapy 20 Gy (HD10), or PET-adapted omission of radiotherapy after 3 cycles if PET-negative (RAPID, HD16) accepting ~5% lower PFS; AHOD2131 tests BV-nivo. (Doxorubicin, PET-adapted (response-adapted) therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Deauville five-point scale, AHOD2131 (COG / NCTN))
- Early stage, unfavourable (I-II bulky or risk factors): ABVD × 4 + ISRT 30 Gy, or escalated BEACOPP × 2 + ABVD × 2 + RT (HD14/HD17 PET-guided); nivolumab- or BV-containing regimens in trials. (Doxorubicin, PET-adapted (response-adapted) therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam))
- Advanced stage: Nivolumab-AVD (2026) or BV-AVD; PET-adapted. (Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, FDG PET)
- Advanced stage (III-IV), age ≤60: Nivolumab-AVD × 6 (S1826; approved March 2026, no routine radiotherapy) or BV-AVD × 6 with G-CSF (ECHELON-1); in Europe PET-guided BrECADD × 4-6 (HD21) or eBEACOPP; PET-adapted ABVD/AVD (RATHL) where novel agents unavailable. (SWOG S1826, Nivolumab, ECHELON-1, Brentuximab vedotin, GHSG HD21, RATHL, PD-1 blockade + AVD chemotherapy)
- Advanced stage, age >60: Nivolumab-AVD (S1826 included older adults with less toxicity than BV-AVD); sequential brentuximab → AVD → brentuximab; avoid bleomycin; ABVD/AVD with dose adaptation. (SWOG S1826, Nivolumab, Brentuximab vedotin, Caution: bleomycin lung toxicity, especially with brentuximab or G-CSF)
- Paediatric (COG / EuroNet): Risk-adapted OEPA/COPDAC (EuroNet-PHL-C2) or ABVE-PC with brentuximab (AHOD1331, EFS benefit) and PET-guided radiotherapy omission; S1826 and AHOD2131 now enrol from age 12 or 5. (Brentuximab vedotin, PET-adapted (response-adapted) therapy, Children's Oncology Group (COG))
- First relapse, transplant-eligible: Salvage (ICE, DHAP, GVD, BV-nivolumab or pembrolizumab-GVD) → PET-negative → high-dose therapy and autologous transplant; brentuximab consolidation for high-risk (AETHERA); PD-1 maintenance in trials. (Autologous stem cell transplant (high-dose therapy), Brentuximab vedotin, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, AETHERA)
- Relapse after transplant or transplant-ineligible: Pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-204) or nivolumab; brentuximab vedotin if not yet given; BV + nivolumab; allogeneic transplant for fit patients after response; CD30 CAR-T in trials; palliative radiotherapy or bendamustine. (Pembrolizumab, KEYNOTE-204, Nivolumab, CheckMate 205, Brentuximab vedotin, CD30 CAR-T for multiply relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma)
- Survivorship: Lifelong surveillance for cardiac disease (anthracycline, mediastinal RT), breast cancer screening from 8 years after chest RT in women, thyroid and lung checks, fertility counselling before therapy. (Cardio-oncology, Mammography & tomosynthesis)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.