HPV-associated vulvar squamous cell carcinoma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/hpv-associated-vulvar-cancer/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
18 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example p16 immunohistochemistryand HPV DNA, p53 immunohistochemistry, Depth of invasion, Sentinel node status and metastasis size, PD-L1 combined positive score), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (precursor (usual-type vin)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Nonavalent HPV vaccine, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.How do the results of Phase II Study of Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of Vulvar High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Vulvar HSIL, VIN2/3) and Evaluate the Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of 9-valent HPV Recombinant Vaccine in Chinese Healthy Females apply to someone like me?
- 8.For my situation (early stage (tumour under four centimetres, clinically negative groins)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.For my situation (locally advanced disease), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (recurrent or metastatic disease), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Bevacizumab or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.How do the results of Pembrolizumab Combination With Lenvatinib in Pts With Recurrent,Persistent,Metastatic or Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer Not Amenable to Curative Surge and AK104 for Recurrent or Metastatic Vulvar Cancer apply to someone like me?
- 14.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab Combination With Lenvatinib in Pts With Recurrent,Persistent,Metastatic or Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer Not Amenable to Curative Surge, AK104 for Recurrent or Metastatic Vulvar Cancer, Phase II Study of Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of Vulvar High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Vulvar HSIL, VIN2/3)?
- 15.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 16.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 17.I read that “No treatment yet differs by HPV status despite the difference in behaviour”. How does that affect my plan?
- 18.I read that “Recurrence of usual-type VIN after treatment is common”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Combined positive score (CPS): A PD-L1 score that counts stained tumour cells and immune cells together.
- HPV-positive (p16) head and neck cancer: Throat cancers caused by the human papillomavirus, identified by a p16 stain.
- Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection): Surgically removing the lymph nodes that drain a tumour, both to stage the cancer and to clear any spread.
- Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT): Radiotherapy given at the same time as chemotherapy, which sensitises the cancer to radiation.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: p16 immunohistochemistry (block positive) and HPV DNA, p53 immunohistochemistry (wild-type pattern), Depth of invasion (over one millimetre triggers nodal assessment), Sentinel node status and metastasis size (two millimetres threshold, GROINSS-V II), PD-L1 combined positive score (pembrolizumab), Margin status.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Early stage (tumour under four centimetres, clinically negative groins): Wide local excision with sentinel node biopsy (GROINSS-V I); groin radiotherapy for sentinel node metastases of two millimetres or less and lymphadenectomy for larger ones (GROINSS-V II). (Sentinel lymph node biopsy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Lymphadenectomy (lymph node dissection))
- Locally advanced disease: Cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (GOG 205); surgery for residual disease; p16-positive tumours respond well. (Cisplatin, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT))
- Precursor (usual-type VIN): Excision or laser ablation of visible lesions; imiquimod as a medical alternative; trials of artesunate ointment; HPV vaccination for prevention. (Thermal ablation and cryotherapy for cervical precancer, HPV & HBV vaccination, Nonavalent HPV vaccine, Phase II Study of Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of Vulvar High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (Vulvar HSIL, VIN2/3), Evaluate the Efficacy, Immunogenicity and Safety of 9-valent HPV Recombinant Vaccine in Chinese Healthy Females)
- Recurrent or metastatic disease: Carboplatin and paclitaxel with or without bevacizumab; pembrolizumab for PD-L1-positive or mismatch-repair-deficient tumours after chemotherapy; trials of pembrolizumab with lenvatinib and of cadonilimab. (Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Bevacizumab, Pembrolizumab, Pembrolizumab Combination With Lenvatinib in Pts With Recurrent,Persistent,Metastatic or Locally Advanced Vulvar Cancer Not Amenable to Curative Surge, AK104 for Recurrent or Metastatic Vulvar Cancer)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.