Locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage III to IVA)
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/locoregionally-advanced-nasopharyngeal-carcinoma/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
18 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Plasma EBV DNA, EBER in situ hybridisation on biopsy, TNM stage on MRI of the nasopharynx and neck and PET-CT, Response to induction chemotherapy on MRI, PD-L1), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (staging), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (stage iii to iva, standard), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.Am I a candidate for Gemcitabine + cisplatin, Cisplatin, and what side effects should I expect?
- 8.For my situation (after chemoradiotherapy), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Capecitabine, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.For my situation (immunotherapy in the curative setting), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 11.Am I a candidate for Camrelizumab, Toripalimab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 12.How do the results of A Study of YL201 in Combination With Toripalimab and With or Without Cisplatin in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. apply to someone like me?
- 13.For my situation (follow-up), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 14.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Toripalimab, Camrelizumab, Proton therapy, A Study of YL201 in Combination With Toripalimab and With or Without Cisplatin in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.?
- 15.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 16.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 17.I read that “Which patients can safely have less chemotherapy or radiotherapy is being defined trial by trial”. How does that affect my plan?
- 18.I read that “Late toxicities of skull-base radiotherapy last for life”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Plasma EBV DNA: Fragments of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood that measure nasopharyngeal carcinoma: used to screen healthy people in endemic regions, to stage, to decide who needs extra treatment after radiotherapy, and to detect relapse.
- Head and neck subsites (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx): Head and neck cancer is really several cancers named by exact location: mouth (oral cavity), back of the throat (oropharynx, where HPV cancers arise), voice box (larynx), lower throat (hypopharynx) and behind the nose (nasopharynx).
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cancer: The common glandular-fever virus, carried lifelong by most adults, which in a minority of people drives nasopharyngeal cancer, some stomach cancers and several lymphomas.
- Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT): Radiotherapy given at the same time as chemotherapy, which sensitises the cancer to radiation.
Tests and results to bring
Staging: MRI of the nasopharynx and neck, PET-CT or CT of chest and abdomen with bone scan, plasma EBV DNA, dental and audiological assessment.
Biomarker results to ask for: Plasma EBV DNA (baseline load and post-treatment clearance), EBER in situ hybridisation on biopsy, TNM stage on MRI of the nasopharynx and neck and PET-CT, Response to induction chemotherapy on MRI (adaptive treatment), PD-L1 (not required for PD-1 therapy), Hearing, thyroid and pituitary baselines for late toxicity.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Liquid biopsy (ctDNA), MRI, PET/CT.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Stage III to IVA, standard: Induction gemcitabine and cisplatin for three cycles followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 Gy) with concurrent cisplatin; TPF induction as an alternative. (Gemcitabine + cisplatin, Cisplatin, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Proton therapy, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT))
- After chemoradiotherapy: Metronomic capecitabine for one year in high-risk patients; EBV DNA-directed adjuvant therapy in trials (NRG-HN001). (Capecitabine, Plasma EBV DNA)
- Immunotherapy in the curative setting: PD-1 antibody (sintilimab in CONTINUUM; toripalimab and camrelizumab in trials) added to induction and chemoradiotherapy in high-risk disease, adopted in China. (Camrelizumab, Toripalimab, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, A Study of YL201 in Combination With Toripalimab and With or Without Cisplatin in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.)
- Follow-up: Plasma EBV DNA, MRI and nasopharyngoscopy; management of xerostomia, hearing loss, hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism. (Plasma EBV DNA, MRI, Acupuncture for dry mouth after head and neck radiotherapy)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.