Primary myelofibrosis
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/primary-myelofibrosis/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
21 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example JAK2 V617F, CALR and MPL driver mutations, High-molecular-risk mutations: ASXL1, SRSF2, EZH2, IDH1/2, U2AF1, DIPSS-plus and MIPSS70-plus v2 scores, Marrow fibrosis grade, Spleen volume by imaging), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (lower-risk, asymptomatic), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Aspirin, Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide), Ropeginterferon alfa-2b or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (symptomatic splenomegaly or constitutional symptoms), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Ruxolitinib, Fedratinib, Pacritinib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (anaemia of myelofibrosis), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Momelotinib, Epoetin alfa, Luspatercept, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.How do the results of An Efficacy and Safety Study of Luspatercept (ACE-536) Versus Placebo in Subjects With Myeloproliferative Neoplasm-Associated Myelofibrosis on Concomi and Study of DISC-0974 (RALLY-MF) in Participants With Myelofibrosis or Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Anemia apply to someone like me?
- 12.For my situation (higher-risk, fit for transplant), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 13.Am I a candidate for Ruxolitinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 14.For my situation (ruxolitinib failure and trials), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 15.Am I a candidate for Navitoclax, Pelabresib, Selinexor or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 16.How do the results of Study of Oral Navitoclax Tablet in Combination With Oral Ruxolitinib Tablet Versus Best Available Therapy to Assess Change in Spleen Volume in Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Myelofibrosis and Study of Selinexor in Combination With Ruxolitinib in Myelofibrosis apply to someone like me?
- 17.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Momelotinib, Pacritinib, Navitoclax, Pelabresib?
- 18.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 19.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 20.I read that “No drug has been shown to change the course of the disease rather than its symptoms”. How does that affect my plan?
- 21.I read that “Transplant timing: too early risks a fatal procedure in someone with years to live, too late loses the window”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Anaemia: A shortage of red blood cells or haemoglobin, causing tiredness and breathlessness.
- Conditioning regimen (myeloablative, reduced-intensity): The chemotherapy (with or without whole-body radiation) given in the days before a stem cell transplant to destroy the diseased marrow and, for donor transplants, suppress the patient's immune system so the graft is not rejected.
- JAK2 V617F: A single letter change in the JAK2 gene that jams the growth signal for blood cells in the on position.
- Post-PV myelofibrosis (spent phase): The late stage some people with polycythaemia vera reach after many years, when the marrow scars over, the red count falls and the spleen swells.
- Allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT): Replacing a patient's blood system with a donor's: chemotherapy wipes out the marrow, donor stem cells rebuild it, and the donor's immune cells hunt down leftover leukaemia.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: JAK2 V617F, CALR and MPL driver mutations (or triple negative), High-molecular-risk mutations: ASXL1, SRSF2, EZH2, IDH1/2, U2AF1, DIPSS-plus and MIPSS70-plus v2 scores, Marrow fibrosis grade, Spleen volume by imaging, Haemoglobin, platelet count and transfusion dependence, Blast percentage, Symptom score (MPN-SAF TSS).
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Lower-risk, asymptomatic: Observation; aspirin for thrombosis risk where platelets are high; hydroxyurea or interferon for proliferative features. (Aspirin, Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide), Ropeginterferon alfa-2b, Peginterferon alfa-2b)
- Symptomatic splenomegaly or constitutional symptoms: Ruxolitinib (COMFORT-I and II) first; fedratinib after ruxolitinib failure or intolerance; pacritinib if platelets are below 50 x 10^9/L; momelotinib if anaemic. (Ruxolitinib, Fedratinib, Pacritinib, Momelotinib)
- Anaemia of myelofibrosis: Momelotinib (MOMENTUM), erythropoiesis-stimulating agents where erythropoietin is low, danazol, transfusion with iron chelation; luspatercept in trials (INDEPENDENCE). (Momelotinib, Epoetin alfa, Transfusion support and anaemia management, Luspatercept, An Efficacy and Safety Study of Luspatercept (ACE-536) Versus Placebo in Subjects With Myeloproliferative Neoplasm-Associated Myelofibrosis on Concomi, Study of DISC-0974 (RALLY-MF) in Participants With Myelofibrosis or Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Anemia)
- Higher-risk, fit for transplant: Allogeneic stem cell transplant, usually under 70 and at MIPSS70 high or DIPSS intermediate-2 or higher, after JAK inhibitor to reduce spleen size. (Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, Ruxolitinib, Conditioning regimen (myeloablative, reduced-intensity))
- Ruxolitinib failure and trials: Switch JAK inhibitor; combination trials of ruxolitinib with navitoclax, pelabresib, selinexor or imetelstat; imetelstat versus best available therapy in IMpactMF. (Navitoclax, Pelabresib, Selinexor, Imetelstat, Study of Oral Navitoclax Tablet in Combination With Oral Ruxolitinib Tablet Versus Best Available Therapy to Assess Change in Spleen Volume in Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Myelofibrosis, Study of Selinexor in Combination With Ruxolitinib in Myelofibrosis, A Study Comparing Imetelstat Versus Best Available Therapy for the Treatment of Intermediate-2 or High-risk Myelofibrosis (MF) Who Have Not Responded to Janus Kinase (JAK)-Inhibitor Treatment, Extended Access of Momelotinib in Adults With Myelofibrosis)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.