Salivary gland cancers
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/salivary-gland/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
15 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Histotype with fusion confirmation, HER2 IHC/ISH and androgen receptor IHC, NTRK fusion, NOTCH1 mutation, Perineural invasion, grade, margin status), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (localised, resectable), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (unresectable localised), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.For my situation (recurrent/metastatic, subtype-directed), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Trastuzumab, Docetaxel, Trastuzumab deruxtecan or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (recurrent/metastatic, other), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Trastuzumab deruxtecan, Lenvatinib, Larotrectinib, Carbon-ion therapy?
- 12.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 13.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 14.I read that “Adenoid cystic carcinoma: no drug induces meaningful shrinkage; 20-year survival remains poor”. How does that affect my plan?
- 15.I read that “Trials are tiny; most evidence is phase 2 or retrospective”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Gene fusion: A gene fusion is two genes broken and joined together, creating a hybrid protein that can drive cancer.
- Tumour-agnostic (tissue-agnostic) approval: A tumour-agnostic approval lets a drug be used for any cancer carrying a specific molecular feature, regardless of where it started.
- Rare cancers: Rare cancers are those with fewer than about 6 new cases per 100,000 people per year.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: Histotype with fusion confirmation (MYB, MAML2, ETV6-NTRK3, NR4A3), HER2 IHC/ISH and androgen receptor IHC (salivary duct carcinoma), NTRK fusion (secretory carcinoma), NOTCH1 mutation (adenoid cystic, poor prognosis), Perineural invasion, grade, margin status, PD-L1 / TMB (rarely high).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Comprehensive genomic profiling.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Localised, resectable: Complete resection (parotidectomy with facial-nerve preservation where possible) and neck dissection for high-grade; post-operative radiotherapy for high-grade, close margins, perineural invasion, T3-4 or node-positive disease. (IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Proton therapy)
- Unresectable localised: Definitive radiotherapy; carbon-ion or neutron therapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma where available (COSMIC, Heidelberg). (Carbon-ion therapy, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam))
- Recurrent/metastatic, subtype-directed: HER2+ SDC: trastuzumab + docetaxel or trastuzumab deruxtecan; AR+ SDC: androgen deprivation (leuprorelin/bicalutamide; enzalutamide); NTRK-fused secretory carcinoma: larotrectinib or entrectinib; ACC: lenvatinib or axitinib for progressive disease, observation if indolent. (Trastuzumab, Docetaxel, Trastuzumab deruxtecan, Enzalutamide, Larotrectinib, Entrectinib, Lenvatinib, Axitinib)
- Recurrent/metastatic, other: Platinum-based chemotherapy (CAP, carboplatin-paclitaxel); pembrolizumab for TMB-H/MSI-H or PD-L1-positive; clinical trials. (Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Pembrolizumab)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.