CD74
CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
Overview
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.96, clinical 0.89).
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
- 1 · What it is
CD74 (HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at CD74 yet. Drugs bind the molecule precisely: to switch it off, flag the cell for the immune system, or deliver a payload.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:1697 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P04233 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000019582 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-small cell lung carcinoma 0.68, lung cancer 0.70 (GraphQL API, CC0))
Biology
Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilising peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF. Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome. Stabilises the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. Location: Cell membrane; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network; Endosome (UniProt). Locus 5q33.1 (HGNC).
- Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.70 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)
- Non-small-cell lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.68 with non-small cell lung carcinoma (MONDO_0005233)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.89; UniProt disease notes describe a translocation or gene fusion involving the gene. Evidence tier "approved-drug" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"CD74" OR ABSTRACT:"CD74" OR TITLE:"CD74 molecule" OR ABSTRACT:"CD74 molecule" OR TITLE:"HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain" OR ABSTRACT:"HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain" OR TITLE:"DHLAG" OR ABSTRACT:"DHLAG") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about CD74, not a curated reading list.
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