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Allopurinol is a long-established tablet, also given by drip, that lowers the body's production of uric acid. When treatment breaks down a large number of cancer cells quickly, uric acid can build up and harm the kidneys; allopurinol is used to prevent and manage this.
Allopurinol is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines among the supportive medicines for cancer, for tumour lysis syndrome, as 100 mg and 300 mg tablets and a 500 mg powder for injection; it was added for that use in 2007 (WHO Technical Report Series 950), having first been listed in 1977 for gout (TRS 615). In the US the injection (Aloprim) is indicated for adults and children with leukaemia, lymphoma and solid tumours who are receiving cancer therapy that raises uric acid in the blood and urine and who cannot take it by mouth; the label gives 1966 as the initial US approval of allopurinol. It lowers uric acid production rather than removing uric acid that is already there, which is what rasburicase does. The Aloprim injection label cited here is held by Mylan Institutional LLC and names Aloprim as a trademark of Mylan Teoranta, a Viatris company.
A structural analogue of the purine base hypoxanthine; allopurinol and its metabolite oxypurinol inhibit xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that turns hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid, so less uric acid is made (US label, section 12.1). Connects to Xanthine oxidase (XDH).
1.Allopurinol slips into a pocket on Xanthine oxidase (XDH).
| Region | Year | Indication |
|---|---|---|
| WHO | 2007 | Essential Medicines List, supportive medicines for cancer: tumour lysis syndrome · WHO EML listing (TRS 950), not a marketing authorisation |
| US | 1966 | Initial US approval of allopurinol (Aloprim label); the injection is indicated for raised uric acid from cancer therapy in leukaemia, lymphoma and solid tumours when oral therapy is not tolerated · 1966 is the label's initial US approval for the substance, not the year of the injection's cancer indication |
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Query for this drug: (TITLE:"Allopurinol" OR ABSTRACT:"Allopurinol" OR TITLE:"Zyloprim" OR ABSTRACT:"Zyloprim" OR TITLE:"Aloprim" OR ABSTRACT:"Aloprim" OR TITLE:"allopurinol" OR ABSTRACT:"allopurinol" OR TITLE:"allopurinol sodium" OR ABSTRACT:"allopurinol sodium") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Allopurinol, not a curated reading list.
Shares the tags universe-gap, who-eml.
Shares the tags universe-gap, who-eml.
Shares the tags universe-gap, who-eml.
Shares Rasburicase, Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS).
Shares the tags universe-gap, supportive.
Shares the tags universe-gap, supportive.
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