Xanthine oxidase (XDH)
Xanthine oxidase makes uric acid from the breakdown of DNA; allopurinol blocks it to prevent the kidney damage of tumour lysis syndrome when chemotherapy kills many cancer cells at once.
Overview
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase converts hypoxanthine and xanthine, released when nucleic acids from dying cells are broken down, into uric acid. When treatment destroys a large tumour burden quickly, as in acute leukaemia and high-grade lymphoma, the surge of uric acid can crystallise in the kidneys; allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase to stop new uric acid forming, and rasburicase breaks down uric acid that already exists. Allopurinol is standard prophylaxis for patients at intermediate risk of tumour lysis syndrome, with rasburicase reserved for high-risk or established cases.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · Xanthine oxidase makes uric acid from the breakdown of DNA; allopurinol blocks it to prevent the kidney damage of tumour lysis syndrome when chemotherapy kills many cancer cells at once.
- 1 · What it is
Xanthine oxidase makes uric acid from the breakdown of DNA; allopurinol blocks it to prevent the kidney damage of tumour lysis syndrome when chemotherapy kills many cancer cells at once.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
A molybdenum-containing enzyme of purine catabolism in liver and gut; its oxidase form also generates reactive oxygen species.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at Xanthine oxidase (XDH) yet. Inhibitors are shaped to fit the enzyme's active site so the reaction the cancer relies on stops.
External identifiers
Biology
A molybdenum-containing enzyme of purine catabolism in liver and gut; its oxidase form also generates reactive oxygen species.
- Liver and intestinal epithelium
- Relevant during induction chemotherapy for leukaemia and lymphoma
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"Xanthine oxidase" OR ABSTRACT:"Xanthine oxidase" OR TITLE:"XDH" OR ABSTRACT:"XDH") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Xanthine oxidase (XDH), not a curated reading list.
Similar pages
not linked directly; found by shared links- PersonGertrude Elion
Shares Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS), Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
- TrialVIALE-A
Shares Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS), Acute myeloid leukaemia.
- TermEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cancer
- InstitutionUganda Cancer Institute
- TreatmentSonrotoclax
Shares Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS), Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
- TechnologyCytogenetics and FISH
Shares Burkitt lymphoma, Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Acute myeloid leukaemia.
- PathwayB-cell receptor / BTK signalling (to NF-κB)
- TrialInter-B-NHL Ritux 2010