OnCo
ideasIdea

Systemic-first management of HER2-positive brain metastases

With Enhertu and tucatinib controlling brain metastases in most patients, radiation could be reserved for those who do not respond, sparing cognitive side effects.

DESTINY-Breast12 (intracranial ORR 72%) and HER2CLIMB support systemic therapy as initial management for asymptomatic or small brain metastases, with radiosurgery held in reserve.

Hypothesis
Systemic-first therapy (T-DXd or tucatinib triplet) with deferred radiosurgery is non-inferior to upfront radiosurgery on intracranial PFS and superior on neurocognitive outcomes.
Rationale
Radiation necrosis and cognitive decline are cumulative; systemic agents now achieve intracranial responses comparable to local therapy in many patients.
What would test it
Randomised trial of upfront SRS vs deferred SRS with systemic HER2 therapy; primary endpoint neurocognitive function at 12 months, secondary intracranial PFS and OS.
Maturity
early clinical

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