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A 2003 study using an ordinary pathology stain, cytokeratin 5/6, to show that breast cancers in women with an inherited BRCA1 fault are nine times more likely to have the basal pattern; it brought the basal-like idea from the microarray to the pathology bench.
Foulkes, Stefansson, Chappuis, Bégin and colleagues tested whether BRCA1-related breast cancers are more likely than non-BRCA1/2 cancers to express a basal epithelial phenotype, found in at most 15 percent of invasive breast cancers and associated with oestrogen receptor- and HER2-negative tumours. Among 292 specimens previously analysed for oestrogen receptor, HER2, p53 and germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, 76 were negative for both receptors; of 72 with sufficient material, 40 expressed cytokeratin 5 and/or 6. Cytokeratin 5/6 expression was significantly associated with BRCA1-related cancer (odds ratio 9.0, 95 percent confidence interval 1.9 to 43; p=0.002).
Confirmed the BRCA1 to basal link with a stain any laboratory could run, which is how the basal-like concept reached clinical pathology and how the Carolina Breast Cancer Study defined its subtypes three years later.
The paper that made race a biological as well as a social variable in triple-negative breast cancer, and the reason the US disparity is described as roughly twice the incidence in Black women; the UK POSH study later found a smaller but real excess.
The molecular bridge between germline BRCA1 and triple-negative breast cancer; it is why every triple-negative patient under 60 is now offered germline testing and why PARP inhibitors were tried in this disease first.
Shares BRCA1 / BRCA2 (HRD), Germline (hereditary) testing, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares BRCA1 / BRCA2 (HRD), Germline (hereditary) testing, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares BRCA1 / BRCA2 (HRD), Germline (hereditary) testing, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, Germline (hereditary) testing, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.
Shares JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the tag tnbc-evidence.