Acute myeloid leukaemia in children: lines of therapy
6 standard-of-care settings across 5 lines and 4 biomarker subgroups. Rows come from the cancer page's standard of care; the grid places each on its line and subgroup.
| Line | All comers | FLT3 | FRα | Risk group |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early / localised | · | · | · | 1 |
| Advanced, first line | 1 | · | · | · |
| Third line and beyond | · | · | 1 | · |
| Special situations | 1 | · | · | · |
| Other settings | 1 | 1 | · | · |
Early / localised
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk group | High-risk genetics or persistent residual disease | Allogeneic transplant in first remission. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 92 |
Advanced, first line
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Induction (two courses) | Cytarabine with daunorubicin or mitoxantrone and etoposide; gemtuzumab ozogamicin added to the first course for CD33-positive disease (AAML0531); MRD after course 1. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 89 |
Third line and beyond
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FRα | Relapsed or refractory | Fludarabine and cytarabine reinduction; revumenib for KMT2A-rearranged disease; gilteritinib for FLT3; venetoclax combinations in trials; transplant. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 92 |
Special situations
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Supportive care and late effects | Dexrazoxane cardioprotection with anthracyclines, transfusion and antimicrobial support, cardio-oncology follow-up. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 84 |
Other settings
| Subgroup | Setting | Approach | Products and trials | Guideline | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All comers | Consolidation (two or three courses) | High-dose cytarabine-based courses; no maintenance. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 83 | |
| FLT3 | FLT3-ITD | Sorafenib added to chemotherapy for high allelic ratio (AAML1031); gilteritinib in paediatric trials. | NCI PDQ: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment (health professional version) | 89 |
Lines and subgroups are parsed from the setting text of each standard-of-care row and can misclassify an unusual phrasing; the row’s own setting is always shown. Guideline chips reflect the NCCN category and ESMO-MCBS grade recorded on the cancer page, checked on its stated date. Not medical advice.