Mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone is a blue chemotherapy infusion used with cytarabine for acute myeloid leukaemia and, historically, to relieve pain in advanced prostate cancer; it is also licensed for multiple sclerosis.
Overview
Mitoxantrone was approved in 1987 for acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia in adults in combination with other agents and later for pain relief in advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer with corticosteroids, where it improved palliative endpoints without extending survival and was then displaced by docetaxel (TAX 327). It remains in AML salvage regimens such as MEC and FLAG-Ida alternatives and in some lymphoma protocols, and carries a separate indication for progressive multiple sclerosis. Cardiotoxicity (lifetime dose limits and ejection fraction monitoring), secondary acute leukaemia and blue-green discolouration of urine and sclerae are characteristic.
- AmivantamabApproved
- CamizestrantApproved
- Comprehensive genomic profilingStandard of care
- Liquid biopsy (ctDNA)Standard of care
- LorlatinibApproved
- MRD / molecular residual disease testingEstablished
- ADC payload neutralisersPhase 1
- BGB-16673Phase 3
- Bispecific ADCPhase 3
- BRUIN CLL-321Positive
- CaDAnCe-304Recruiting
- CIRCULATE-Japan (GALAXY / VEGA / ALTAIR)Active
- A clone report from blood at every treatment cycle
- A fast route to the matched drug when it is licensed for another cancer
- A multi-cancer platform trial of adaptive (dose-holiday) therapy
- A national rapid research autopsy network for end-stage cancer
- A standard evolvability score for every tumour
- A standing platform trial that assigns treatment by how the tumour escaped
Background: ADC sequencing, Antigen escape (antigen loss, lineage switch), BCG-unresponsive, Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). Also on OnCo: Resistance atlas: how tumours escape and what closes the route · Lines of therapy.
Approvals
| Region | Year | Indication |
|---|---|---|
| US | 1987 | Acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia in adults (combination); later hormone-refractory prostate cancer pain (with corticosteroids) and multiple sclerosis |
Trials
topRecruiting now (live from ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Latest papers
topQuery for this drug: (TITLE:"Mitoxantrone" OR ABSTRACT:"Mitoxantrone" OR TITLE:"Novantrone" OR ABSTRACT:"Novantrone" OR TITLE:"historic" OR ABSTRACT:"historic") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Mitoxantrone, not a curated reading list.
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